同义替换是四六级考试中最常见的考试形式，不仅考察了同学们对单个单词、词组之间的记忆，更考核了同学们对单词、词组之间的联系的理解。新东方在线四六级教研室为此总结了真题中出现过的高频同义替换，帮助同学们更好地完成考试。
在写作中，运用过多的简单词无法提高作文的分数，因此新东方在线四六级建议考生们适当地用一些相对高级一些的词汇，提高作文的可读性。
一、guess 假设，猜想
1.hypothesis [haɪˈpɒθəsɪs]
Their hypothesis is that watching excessive amounts of television reduces a person's ability to concentrate.
他们的假说认为过度观看电视会导致注意力不集中等问题。
2.speculation [ˌspekjuˈleɪʃn]
The book is just a lot of idle speculation about the future.
这本书就是很多关于未来的无意义的猜想。
3.assumption [əˈsʌmpʃn]
Her plan is based on the underlying assumption that the economy will improve in the near future.
她的计划是基于这样一个假设：经济将在不久的将来会有所改善。
二、suggestion 提议
1.proposal [prəˈpəʊzl]
This proposal would be a less restrictive way of obtaining the same information.
该提议是以相对宽松的方式获取同等信息。
2.recommendation[ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn]
The president, according to a White House statement last week, has decided to accept our recommendation.
白宫发言人上周表示总统已经决定接受我们的提议。
3. proposition[ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃn]
Right now, a significant minority (some 40 percent) of African-American voters already agrees with that proposition.
现在，少数非洲裔美国选民(将近40%)已经同意了该提议。
三、motivation 动机，动力
1.impetus[ˈɪmpɪtəs]
This is the primary impetus behind the economic recovery.
这是促使经济复苏的主要动力。
2. momentum [məˈmentəm]
They are each anxious to maintain the momentum of the search for a solution.
他们每个人都迫切希望能一直劲头十足地去寻求解决方案。
3. incentive [ɪnˈsentɪv]
She had not only the incentive, but the necessary opportunity.
她不但有动力，还有必要的机会。
❹ encouragement [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt]
He's so invested in this dream of becoming a writer that any encouragements ends him flying.
他为实现作家梦付出了很大的心血，任何鼓励都让他非常高兴。
四、evaluation 评估，估计
1. assessment [əˈsesmənt]
This was an uncharitable assessment of the reasons for the failure.
这是对失败原因毫不讲情面的分析评估。
2.appraisal [əˈpreɪzl]
What is needed in such cases is a calm appraisal of the situation.
在此类情况下需要对形势有一个冷静的评估。
3.estimate[ˈestɪmət]
At least one estimate puts the total tab at $7 million.
至少有一个估价把总数定在了700万美元。
4.judgment[ˈdʒʌdʒmənt]
Our judgment as to the cause of his failure must rest on the evidence.
我们对他失败的原因评判应当基于证据。
五、disorder 混乱
1. disorganization[dɪsˌɔ:ɡənaɪ'zeɪʃn]
Maybe this is just another manifestation of Democratic disorganization.
也许这又一次彰显了民主混乱。
2. chaos[ˈkeɪɒs]
Whatever troubles arise, we'll have peace of mind amidst seeming chaos.
无论出现什么样的麻烦，我们都会在貌似混乱的情形中保持平和的心态。
3.turbulence[ˈtɜ:bjələns]
The world situation is characterized by turbulence and intranquility.
世界局势动荡不安。
4.turmoil [ˈtɜ:mɔɪl]
My emotional turmoil had drained me.
纷乱的情绪让我心力交瘁。
六、tool 工具，设备
1. appliance [əˈplaɪəns]
He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and other household appliances.
他可以再学学使用吸尘器、洗衣机和其他家用电器。
2. equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt]
The photographer came early to set up his equipment.
摄影师很早就把他的设备搭起来了。
3. device [dɪˈvaɪs]
The device can discriminate between the cancerous and the normal cells.
这台仪器可以辨别癌细胞和正常的细胞。
4.apparatus [ˌæpəˈreɪtəs]
They lacked the scientific personnel to develop the technical apparatus much further.
他们缺少能够进一步研发这一技术装置的科研人员。
5. instrument [ˈɪnstrəmənt]
The veto has been a traditional instrument of diplomacy for centuries.
几个世纪以来否决权一直是外交上惯用的手段。
七、league 同盟，联盟
1. coalition [ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn]
The Liberal leader has announced his party's withdrawal from the ruling coalition.
自由党领袖已宣布该党退出执政联盟。
2. alliance [əˈlaɪəns]
Yet now he was here, in extremis, to seek an alliance.
然而现在他就在这里，在绝境中寻求联盟。
3.ally [ˈælaɪ]
He is a close ally of the prime minister.
他是首相的亲密支持者。
4.union [ˈju:niən]
In union there is strength.
团结就是力量。
八、leisure 娱乐消遣
1.pastime [ˈpɑ:staɪm]
Reading always been an important part of learning and enjoyable pastime.
一直以来读书都是学习中的一个重要部分，也是消磨时间的好方法。
2.recreation [ˌrekriˈeɪʃn]
All the family members need to have their own interests and recreations.
所有的家庭成员都需要有自己的兴趣和休闲方式。
3. diversion [daɪˈvɜ:ʃn]
Finger painting is very messy but an excellent diversion.
用手指画画是很脏，但却是一项极好的消遣。
九、way方式，方法
1.manner [ˈmænə(r)]
The issue will be resolved in a manner that is fair to both sides.
这个问题将用对双方都公平的方式来解决。
2. fashion [ˈfæʃn]
She speaks in a very strange fashion.
她说话的方式非常奇怪。
3.approach [əˈprəʊtʃ]
We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.
我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。
4.tactic [ˈtæktɪk]
The giant oil corporations are earning fabulous profits by cunning tactics.
这些大石油公司以狡诈的手段赚取巨额利润。
5. means [mi:nz]
Do you have any means of identification?
你有什么鉴定的方法吗?
6. channel [ˈtʃænl]
The Americans recognize that the UN can be the channel for greater diplomatic activity.
美国人认识到可以通过联合国这个渠道开展更多的外交活动。
十、standard 标准
1.criteria [kraɪ'tɪərɪə]
The criteria will be different from those that pertain elsewhere.
这里的标准将不同于其他地方适用的标准。
2.norm [nɔ:m]
We conform to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they exist.
我们很轻而易举便遵守规则，所以我们很难意识到它们的存在。
十一、progress 进展
1.advance [ədˈvɑ:ns]
Medical technology has advanced considerably.
医学技术突飞猛进。
2.headway ['hedweɪ]
She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.
她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
十二、hope 渴望，希望
1.desire [dɪˈzaɪə(r)]
They seem to regain their desire for life.
他们似乎重获对生活的热望。
2. eagerness ['i:gənɪs]
He began to explain with the most considerable eagerness.
他开始万分热诚地解释。
3.urge [ɜ:dʒ]
He had an urge to open a shop of his own.
他很想自己开一家店。
4.hunger [ˈhʌŋgə(r)]
I can't understand why he seems to have no hunger for knowledge.
我不明白为什么他看上去对知识毫无兴趣。
5.yearning [ˈjɜ:nɪŋ]
He has always a yearning to be a schoolteacher.
他一直想成为一名老师。
十三、sense 意识
1.consciousness [ˈkɒnʃəsnəs]
He is acutely conscious that this transition will bring with it the risk of social unrest.
他非常清楚这种转变伴随着社会动乱的危险。
2.awareness [əˈweənəs]
He introduced radio to the school to increase the children's awareness.
他在学校开通广播，以增进孩子们的认知。
3.perception [pərˈsepʃn]
Another interesting issue deals with certain cultures' perception of beauty.
另一个有趣的问题与特定文化中美的感知有关。
十四、character 性格
1.disposition [ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn]
He was a man of decisive action and an adventurous disposition.
他是一个行动果断又爱冒险的人。
2. personality [ˌpɜ:səˈnæləti]
He has a very pleasant personality.
他性格很讨人喜欢。
3.temperament [ˈtemprəmənt]
His impulsive temperament got him into difficulties.
他容易冲动，经常因此惹麻烦。
4. nature [ˈneɪtʃə(r)]
She feels that her ambitious nature made her unsuitable for an arranged marriage.
她觉得她不安分的个性不适合包办的婚姻。
十五、promise 承诺
1.commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt]
They made a commitment to peace.
他们承诺要维护和平。
2. pledge [pledʒ]
In the treaty both sides pledge to respect human rights.
双方在条约中都承诺将尊重人权。
3.engagement [ɪnˈgeɪdʒmənt]
All his time seems to be taken up with social engagements.
社会约定占据了他所有的时间。
十六、feeling 情感、情绪
1.mood[mu:d]
People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorder.
过度使用互联网可能会导致抑郁症或其他情绪紊乱的问题。
2. emotion [ɪˈməʊʃn]
A tide of emotionrose and clouded his judgment.
心头涌起一阵强烈的感情，模糊了他的判断力。
3.sentiment [ˈsentɪmənt]
He found growing sentiment for military action.
他发现支持采取军事行动的情绪日益高涨。
十七、attraction 吸引力
1.appeal [əˈpi:l]
The game has lost its appeal.
这个游戏失去了吸引力。
2. fascination [ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃn]
Water holds a fascination for most children.
水对多数孩子都有极大的吸引力。
3.charm [tʃɑ:m]
'Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs', the 1937 Disney classic, has lost none of its original charm.
1937年迪斯尼推出的经典之作《白雪公主和七个小矮人》魅力不减当年。
4. lure [lʊə(r)]
The lure of rural life is proving as strong as ever.
事实证明，乡村生活的魅力丝毫未减。
5.allurement [ə'ljʊəmənt]
Money is a kind of allurement for us.
对我们来说金钱是种诱惑物。
6.temptation [tempˈteɪʃn]
Don't succumb to the temptation to have just one cigarette.
不要经不住诱惑，只抽一支烟也不行。
十八、duty 责任
1.responsibility [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti]
Responsibility and moderation were to be the keynotes of their foreign policy.
责任和克制将是他们外交政策的核心。
2. obligation [ˌɒblɪˈgeɪʃn]
Co-operation was more than just an attractive option, it was an obligation.
合作不仅仅是诱人的选择，它也是一种责任。
3. accountability [əˌkaʊntə'bɪlətɪ]
Good management in the police cannot be divorced from accountability.
对警察队伍的良好管理和应负的责任是分不开的。
十九、choice 选择
1. option [ˈɒpʃn]
The menu changes weekly and usually includes a vegan option.
菜单每周都有变化，通常包含可供严格的素食者选择的菜肴。
2.alternative [ɔ:lˈtɜ:nətɪv]
You have the alternative of riding or walking.
你可以选择骑车或者步行。
3.preference [ˈprefrəns]
Parents can express a preference for the school their child attends.
父母可以表达对自己孩子所上学校的偏好。
4.selection [sɪˈlekʃn]
There is a wide selection of food available.
有很多可供选择的食物。
二十、agreement 契约协议
1. contract [ˈkɒntrækt]
A formal contract is signed which is renewable annually.
正式签订了每年可续签的合同。
2. pact [pækt]
A non-aggression pact will be signed between the two countries.
两国将签署互不侵犯条约。
3.treaty [ˈtri:ti]
The treaty binds them to respect their neighbor's independence.
条约规定他们必须尊重其邻国的独立。
以上二十个词汇时常出现在同学们的作文里，新东方在线四六级教研室建议同学们可以针对同义替换进行一些练习，多试着用复杂词汇造句，提高自己的写作能力，在考试中写出理想的文章!
