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　　Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

　　Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

　　中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者期待他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。

　　The full name of a Han Chinese consists of the family name and the given name. The characteristic of a Chinese name is always that the given name follows the family name. For thousands of years, the family name of the father has passed on from generation to generation. However, it is not rare that a kid takes the family name of his mother nowadays. Generally speaking, the given name is made up of one or two characters, standing for parents’ wishes for their children. We can conclude what characteristics parents wish their children to have or what kind of life parents expect their children to lead from children’s names. Parents attach much importance to naming their children because names often accompany children all their life.

　　● 由……组成：consist of/ be made up of/be composed of

　　● “中文姓名的特点”后不是单个名词而是一句话，因此后接that构成表语从句，“姓总是在前，名跟在其后”，可以直接整合为“名在姓的后面”或“姓在名的前面”

　　● “千百年来”，译为“For thousands of years”，后接现在完成时态

　　● “世代相传”译为“pass on from generation to generation”

　　● “……并不罕见”采用主语从句，it作形式主语，“it is + 形容词+ that” ，“it is not rare that ...”

　　● “一般来说”，译为“generally speaking”

　　● “名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望”为多动句，选取“有”作为主要动词，其真实含义为“由……组成”，而“承载”采取非谓语形式，进一步译为“standing for...”

　　● “推断出”相当于“由……推断出……”，可以译为“conclude/infer sth. from sth.”

　　● “父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者期待他们过什么样的生活”这两部分作“推断”的宾语，因此处理为what引导的宾语从句。

　　● 重视：pay attention to/ attach importance to/ place emphasis on

　　● 取名：name, 动词可以表示“命名”

　　● “因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生”，原因状语从句，由“because”引导，“伴随”可译为“accompany”。