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对话1	对话2	讲座1	讲座2	讲座3	短文1	短文2

　　Conversation One

　　W: Welcome to Workplace, and in today’s program we are looking at the results of two recently published surveys, which both deal with the same topic—happiness at work. John, tell us about the first survey.

　　M: Well, this was done by a human resources consultancy who interviewed more than 1,000 workers and established a top 10 of the factors which make people happy at work. The most important factor, for the majority of the people interviewed was having friendly, supportive colleagues. In fact, 73% people interviewed put their relationship with colleagues as the key factor contributing to happiness at work, which is a very high percentage. The second most important factor was having work that is enjoyable. The two least important factors were having one’s achievements recognized and rather surprisingly, earning a competitive salary.

　　W: So, we are not mainly motivated by money?

　　M: Apparently not.

　　W: Any other interesting information in the survey?

　　M: Yes. For example, 25% of the working people interviewed described themselves as very happy at work. However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy.

　　W: That’s quite a lot of unhappy people at work every day.

　　M: It is, isn’t it? And there were several more interesting conclusions revealed by the survey. First of all, small is beautiful. People definitely prefer working for smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff. We also find out that, generally speaking, women were happier in their work than men.

　　W: Yes, we are, aren’t we?

　　M: And workers on part-time contracts who only work 4 or 5 hours a day are happier than those who work full time. The research is concluded that this is probably due to a better work-life balance.

　　W: Are bosses happier than their employees?

　　M: Yes. Perhaps not surprisingly, the higher people go in a company, the happier they are. So senior managers enjoy their jobs more than people working under them.

　　Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　1. What is the number one factor that made employees happy according to the survey?

　　2. What is the percentage of the people surveyed who felt unhappy at work?

　　3. What kind of companies are popular with employees?

　　4. What is the possible reason for people on part-time contracts to be happier?

　　Conversation Two

　　W: Mr. De Keyzer, I am a great lover of your book, Moments Before the Flood. Can you tell us how you first became interested in the subject matter?

　　M: In 2016, when the concert hall of the city of Bruges asked me to take some pictures for a catalogue for a new concert season around the theme of water, I found myself working along the Belgian coastline. As there had been numerous alarming articles in the press about a climate catastrophe waiting to happen, I started looking at the sea and the beach very differently, a place where I spent so many perfect days as a child. This fear of a looming danger became the subject of a large-scale photo project.

　　W: you wrote in the book: “I don't want to photograph the disaster, I want to photograph the disaster waiting to happen.” Can you talk a bit about that?

　　M: It is clear now that it's a matter of time before the entire European coastline disappears under water. The same goes for numerous big cities around the world. My idea was to photograph this beautiful and very unique coastline reaching history, before it’s too late—as a last witnesses.

　　W: Can you talk a bit about how history plays a role in this project?

　　M: Sure. The project is also about the history of Europe looking at the sea and wondering when the next enemy would appear. In the images, you see all kinds of possible defense constructions to hold back the Romans, Germans, Vikings, and now nature as enemy number one. For example, there is the image of the bridge into the sea taken at the Normandy D-Day landing site. Also Venice, the city eternally threatened by the sea, where every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists to reach the hotels.

　　W: Thank you, Mr. De Keyzer. It was a pleasure to have you with us today.

　　Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　5. What does the man say about the book Moments Before the Flood?

　　6. When did the man get his idea for the work?

　　7. What will happen when the climate catastrophe occurs?

　　8. What does the man say about Venice?