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　　Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2.

　　过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。如今随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行。他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有许多城市也在筹建机场。航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有特价机票。近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人不断增加。

　　【译文】

　　In the past, it was beyond imagination for most Chinese to take a plane when traveling. Nowadays, with the development of economy and the improvement of life, an increasing number of Chinese including farmers and migrant workers could afford to take a plane. They can go to all large cities by plane. Besides, many cities are planning to build airports. The aviation service has been improved, and there are often plane tickets at bargain prices. In recent years, the number of people who travel by air in holidays has been increasing all the time.

　　【解析】

　　1. 过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。在第一句的句式中，由于系动词“是”之前的主语较长，借助形式主语it指代不定式to do结构，对某人来说，使用for加名词词组的结构。词汇方面：乘飞机：take a plane。难以想象：beyond imagination。In the past, it was beyond imagination for most Chinese to take a plane when traveling.

　　2. 如今随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行。第二句逗号前 “随着”的部分，可以用with加名词词组的形式表达，逗号之后主干句子中谓语的翻译是一个难点，“能乘飞机”的实际含义时“能够/可以付得起乘飞机”，英文表达为“could afford to take a plane”。词汇方面：越来越多的中国人：more and more Chinese, 变通表达an increasing number of Chinese。外来务工人员：migrant workers。Nowadays, with the development of economy and the improvement of life, an increasing number of Chinese including farmers and migrant workers could afford to take a plane。

　　3. 他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有许多城市也在筹建机场。第三句中以逗号为分隔点，实际是两个句子。注意汉英两种语言中逗号的不同用法。翻译为英文时处理成两个以句号结尾的句子比较恰当。词汇方面：筹建：plan to build。They can go to all large cities by plane. Besides, many cities are planning to build airports。

　　4.航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有特价机票。第四句的句式可以处理成一个and连接的并列句。“航空服务不断改进”主谓之间是被动的关系，时态上现在完成时比较恰当。词汇方面：航空服务：aviation service。特价机票：plane tickets at bargain prices。The aviation service has been improved, and there are often plane tickets at bargain prices。

　　5. 近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人不断增加。第五句需要一个主从复合句来表达，用定语从句修饰限定“人”。“人增加”实际上是“人的数量增加”。在时态选择上，使用现在完成进行时。In recent years, the number of people who travel by air in holidays has been increasing all the time.

　　Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2.

　　公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重。许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量。车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高。然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。

　　【译文】

　　The bus used to be the main transportation vehicle that Chinese chose when going out. In recent years, the traffic problems in cities have been growingly serious, because private cars have increased a lot. In order to encourage more citizens to take buses, many cities have been making efforts to improve the service level of buses. The facilities of buses have been updated; the speed of buses has been raised remarkably. However, the ticket price of buses still remains quite low. Nowadays, in most cities, many local senior citizens could ride buses for free.

　　【解析】

　　1.公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。第一句在句式上需翻译成一个主从复合句，时态上为一般过去式。词汇方面：交通工具：transportation vehicles。The bus used to be the main transportation vehicle that Chinese chose when going out.

　　2.近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重。第二句可以翻译为一个含有原因状语从句的主从复合句。时态上为现在完成时。词汇方面：私家车：private cars。交通问题：traffic problems。In recent years, the traffic problems in cities have been growingly serious, because private cars have increased a lot。

　　3.许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量。在第三句中，要注意在翻译时调整句子语序，“许多城市”为句子的主语，谓语部分是逗号之后的“一直在努力改善”，而“为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行”则是句子的状语部分。时态上本句为现在完成进行时。词汇方面：乘坐公交车：take buses。努力：make efforts。改善：improve/promote/increase均可。服务质量：service level/quality均可。In order to encourage more citizens to take buses, many cities have been making efforts to improve the service level of buses。

　　4. 车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高。第四句可以处理成两个分号隔开的简单句。时态上为现在完成时，语态上为被动语态。词汇方面：设施：facility/equipment/device均可。更新：update。The facilities of buses have been updated; the speed of buses has been raised remarkably.

　　5. 然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。第五句为主系表结构，系动词可用be动词或者remain。However, the ticket price of buses still remains quite low。

　　6. 现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。第六句句式为主谓宾结构。词汇方面：老年市民：old/elderly/senior citizens。免费：for free。乘坐公交车：take buses, 为了避免词汇与上文重复可用ride buses。Nowadays, in most cities, many local senior citizens could ride buses for free。

　　Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2.

　　近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建造地铁。发展地铁有助于减少城市的交通拥堵和空气污染。地铁具有安全、快捷和舒适的优点。越来越多的人选择地铁作为每天上班或上学的主要交通工具。如今，在中国乘坐地铁正变得越来越方便。在有些城市里，乘客只需用卡或手机就可以乘坐地铁。许多当地老年市民还可以免费乘坐地铁。

　　【译文】

　　In recent years, an increasing number of cities in China have begun to build subways. The development of subways helps reduce traffic jams and air pollution in cities. Subways have advantages of safety, quickness and comfort. A growing number of people choose subways as main transportation vehicles to work or school every day. Nowadays, taking the subway is becoming more and more convenient in China. In some cities, passengers simply use their cards or mobile phones to take the subway. Many local senior citizens can take the subway for free.

　　【解析】

　　1. 近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建造地铁。第一句时态为现在完成时。词汇方面：地铁：subways。In recent years, an increasing number of cities in China have begun to build subways。

　　2. 发展地铁有助于减少城市的交通拥堵和空气污染。第二句句式为主谓宾。词汇方面：交通拥堵：traffic jams或者traffic congestion。The development of subways helps reduce traffic jams and air pollution in cities.

　　3. 地铁具有安全、快捷和舒适的优点。第三句主谓宾句式。词汇方面：安全safety。快捷：quickness。舒适：comfort。Subways have advantages of safety, quickness and comfort。

　　4.越来越多的人选择地铁作为每天上班或上学的主要交通工具。第四句的句式为主谓宾宾补。“上班或上学”作句子的状语。词汇方面：交通工具transportation vehicles。A growing number of people choose subways as main transportation vehicles to work or school every day。

　　5. 如今，在中国乘坐地铁正变得越来越方便。第五句为主系表的句式。词汇方面：便利：convenient。Nowadays, taking the subway is becoming more and more convenient in China。

　　6. 许多当地老年市民还可以免费乘坐地铁。第六句为主谓宾句式。词汇方面：老年市民：old/senior/elderly citizens。Many local senior citizens can take the subway for free。

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