2018年12月四级真题答案》》 　 作文 |阅读 |翻译 |听力

　　英语四级翻译中也会有些社会现象相关的翻译主题，以一种更为客观的口吻更容易博得阅卷老师的好感，下面，就看一看这些有关社会现象的四级翻译预测题及其参考译文。

　　1、中国城市化

　　原文：中国城市化(urbanization)将会充分释放潜在内需(domestic demand)。一些经济学家指出，在中国几乎所有的发展中城市都面临 着城市化的进程。这使得许多人的生活水平有所提高，也为人们提 供更多的就业机会。随着越来越多的人向城市迁徙，住房及城市基础设施建设(infrastructure construction),包括水源等能源的供应将会 成为城市发展的焦点问题。商品与服务的自由、快速流通是城市化 社会的一项基本特征。逐渐扩张的城市需要更多的零售店来满足消费者的需求。

　　参考译文：Urbanization

　　China’s urbanization will release the full potential of domestic demand. Some economists point out that urbanization is a process that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country. It will lead to a better quality of life for many people，and provide individuals with more job opportunities. The construction of housing and city infrastructure, in?cluding water and energy supplies, will be a focal point of urban develop?ment as more people migrate to cities. Urbanization means better access to educational and medical resources in the city. But it also predicts less use of personal vehicles and more use of public transportation. The fast, free flow of goods and services is a basic trait of an urbanized society. Ex-panding cities require more retail outlets to serve customers.

　　2、全球变暖

　　原文：目前，全球变暖是一个热门话题，但是有关全球变暖的各项证据似乎还有些不同的声音。人们现在已经知道，地球的发展经历了很多周期(cycle),尽管在历史上还未出现过像今天这样的时代，即高度工业化(industrialization)产生如此多的污染。全球变暖主要是由于二氧化碳气体(carbon dioxide)的增多。

　　参考译文：Global warming

　　Global warming is the hot topic around the world at this time but, there is also dissention about the evidence being presented to support the argument. The earth is known to go through cycles; although the past has never produced an age of so much industrialization causing the pollution currently being experienced. A major source of the problem is the increase in carbon dioxide levels.

　　3、公平教育

　　原文：为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学收益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。

　　参考译文：Equity in education

　　In order to promote equity in education, China has invested 36 billion yuan for the improvement of educational facilities in rural areas and strengthening of rural compulsory education Midwest. These funds were used to improve the teaching facilities, purchase of books, so that more than 160,000 primary and secondary income. Funds are also used to purchase music and painting equipment. Now children in rural and mountainous areas with children’s coastal cities like music and painting lessons. Some receive a better education for the city school students now transferred back to the local rural schools now.

　　4、新法规

　　原文：这周颁布的一项新法律要求子女必须经常探望年龄超过60岁的父母，并确保他们经济和精神上的需求得到满足。星期二，新华社报导了_条新闻，来自江苏市无锡市的一位77岁的老太太起诉她的女儿忽略她。这是新法律生效后的第一起案件，当地法院规定她的女儿至少每月探望母亲两次，并提供财力支持。但是这项法律引发了争议。有人说这给了那些因为工作、学习或者其他原因搬离家乡的人更多压力。

　　参考译文：A New National Law

　　A new national law introduced this week requires the offspring of parents older than 60 to visit their parents “frequently”and make sure their financial and spiritual needs are met. On Tuesday, Xinhua reported a news that a 77-year-old woman from Jiangsu city of Wuxi sued her daughter for neglecting her. In the first case after the new law came into effect, the local court ruled that her daughter must visit her at least twice a month and provide financial support. But the law’s introduction has proved controversial. Some say it puts too much pressure on those who move away from home for work, study or other opportunities.

　　5、整容

　　原文：对于一名女子来说，传统美是她的唯一标志。她的皮肤应该天生丽质，没有皱纹，没有疤痕，没有瑕疵。她的身材应该消瘦苗条，通常高挑个，双腿修长，其中青春年少则是首要条件。所有在电视广告中出现的“花容月貌”的靓女都符合这个标准。这种形象是人为的，是可以人工塑造的。许多妇女尽其所能来摆布和修改自己的容貌体态。

　　参考译文：Plastic Surgery

　　To a woman,the traditional beauty is her only mark.Her skin should be born smooth without wrinkles,scars or flaws.Her body should be slim and thin,and usually she is tall,having long legs.The youth is the primary condition.All of the beauties who have showed up in the TV commercials are fit for that criterion.This image is artificial and can be made by people.Many women do their best to decorate and modify their looks and figures.

　　6、空巢老人

　　原文：通常情况下，“空巢老人(emptynester)”是指子女离家后的中老年人。如今，随着社会老龄化程度的加深，空巢老人越来越多，已经成为～个不容忽视的社会问题(social issue)。同时它也导致了另一个问题——家庭空巢综合征(syndrome)的产生，是指当子女由于工作、学习、结婚等原因而离家后，独守空巢的中老年人因此而产生的心理失调症状。

　　参考译文：The Emptynester

　　Typically, "empty nester" refers to the middle-aged and elderly people whose children have left home.Nowadays, along with the advance of aging of the society, there are more and more empty nesters, which have become a social issue that cannot be ignored.At the same time, it also leads another problem--empty nest syndrome--a psychological disorder the middle-aged and elderly people suffered, which is caused by the absence of their children who move out of home due to work, study, marriage and so on.