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　　2019年06月四级考试仔细阅读第一套第二篇解析

　　原文

　　Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient cost-saving, a recent study reports that they are not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.

　　The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for depression, helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. However, online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.

　　A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized (随机的) control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across the England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs. Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background, severity and duration of depression, and use of antidepressants(抗抑郁药).

　　After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.

　　“It’s an important, cautionary note that we shouldn’t get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists,” says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool. “We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed.”

　　Being depressed can mean feeling “lost in your own small, negative, dark world,” Dowrick says. Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation. “When you’re emotionally vulnerable, you’re even more need of a caring human beings,” he says.

　　51. What does the recent study say about online CBT programs?

　　A) Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure.

　　B) Patients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer.

　　C) They can save patients trouble visiting physicians.

　　D) They have been well received by a lot of patients.

　　52. What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular?

　　A) Their effectiveness in combating depression.

　　B) The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy.

　　C) Their easy and inexpensive access by patients.

　　D) The recommendation by primary care doctors.

　　53What is the major finding by researchers at the University of York?

　　A) Online CBT programs are no more effective than regular care from……

　　B) The process of treating depression is often more complicated than a……

　　C) The combination of traditional CBT and computerized CBT is most effective

　　D) Depression is a mental condition which is to be treated with extrer……

　　54……is Professor Dowrick’s advice concerning online CBT programs?

　　A)They should not be neglected in primary care.

　　B)Their effectiveness should not be overestimated.

　　C)They should be used by strictly following instructions

　　D)Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists

　　55……more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?

　　A) positive state of mind C)Timely encouragement

　　B) Appropriate medication D)Human interaction

　　【答案】ACABD

　　51. 【解题思路】通过关键词the recent study 和online CBT programs定位第一段和第二段，然后具体信息带入，寻找正确选项。第一段第二句就给出了一个结论“在线治疗尽管听起高效、省钱，但是近期的报道称这种方法无效，主要因为病人不大可能参与或者长期使用这种疗法”。第二段介绍了计算机辅助的CBT疗法，和study发现这种疗法no more effective than...。所以，答案为A选项。

　　【干扰排除】B选项虽然说明了一个实际情况，但是这不是study 要说明的情况，所以错误。C选项，说的是CBT具有的特点，但是这不是study要说明的观点，所以错误。D选项，是CBT的特点，而不是study的观点。做题时候身审题很重要，看清楚设问的时谁的观点，这样才能找到正确的答案。

　　52.【解题思路】具体信息题，题目问“在线CBT疗法受欢迎的原因”。回到原文，定位到第三段，找到popularity这个词，这是popular的名词形式，看前后文。词后面介绍了原因low-cost和wherever，低成本和任何有电脑的地方都可以使用，所以很流行。直接定位答案C选项，同义转述词easy and inexpensive。具体信息题大部分都是原文的同义转述。

　　【干扰排除】A选项错误，因为文章一直在说在线辅助CBT疗法的有效性很低。B选项，传统疗法的低效性文章并没有谈及，无中生有，故为错误选项。D选项，文章中并没有提及基础护理医生推荐过在线CBT疗法，也是无中生有，所以是错误选项。

　　53.【解题思路】根据题干关键词NYU定位文章中出现约克大学研究的第四段、第五段，第四段主要讲了实验流程，第五段结论，重点词no improvement，就是选项A中no more effective 的同义词，所以选项A为正确选项。

　　【干扰排除】B选项说治疗抑郁症很复杂，而文中并没有说明治疗的复杂，所以错误。C选项说传统和计算机辅助CBT结合，但是文中并没有提出这个方案，无中生有，所以错误。D选项，讲了抑郁症是一种需要外部协助的治疗病症，句子是对的，但是不是研究者的主要发现，而是一种医学常识，所以错误。

　　54.【解题思路】 根据关键词Dowrick’ advice 定位至第六段，可以发现Dowrick的观点：计算机系统疗法不能代替人类，病人需要与医生和治疗师接触，所以不能高估在线CBT疗法。

　　【干扰排除】A选项未提及CBT所以排除。C选项文章也没有以及所以错误。D选项，文章中医生和治疗师并未提出这种建议，所以错误。

　　55.【解题思路】根据关键词an emotionally vulnerable person定位至文章最后一段最后一句“more need of caring of human being”，D选项为其同意替换，故为答案。

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