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　　Passage One

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passages.

　　Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that the creation of powerful artificial intelligence (AI)will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity ”,and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to researching the future of intelligence as “crucial to the future of our civilisation and our species”.

　　Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Center for the Future of Intelligence(LCFI)at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institute that will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace of development in AI research. “We spend a great deal of time studying history,” Hawking said, “which, let’s face it, is mostly the history of stupidity. So it’s a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence.”

　　While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, raising concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to highlight the positives that AI research can bring “The potential benefits of creating intelligence are huge”, he said, “We cannot predict what we might achieve when our own minds are amplified by AI. Perhaps with the tools of this new technological revolution, we will be able to undo some of the damage done to the natural world by the last one— Industrialization. And surely we will aim to finally eradicate disease and poverty. And every aspect of our civilisation.”

　　Huw Price, the centre’s academic director and the Bertrand Russell professor of philosophy at Cambridge University, where Hawking is also an academic, said that the centre came about partially as a result of the university’s Center for Existential Risk. That institute examined a wider range of potential problems for humanity, while the LCFI has a narrow focus.

　　AI pioneer Margaret Boden, professor of cognitive at the University of Sussex, praised the progress of such discussions. As recently as 2009, she said, the topic wasn’t taken seriously, even among AI researchers. “AI is hugely exciting.” She said, “but it has limitations, which present grave dangers given uncritical use.”

　　The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dangers of AI as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the technology industry, most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity.

　　46. What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence?

　　A) It would be vital to the progress of human civilization.

　　B) It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making.

　　C) It might present challenges as well as opportunities.

　　D) It would be a significant expansion of human intelligence.

　　47. What did Hawking say about the creation of the LCFI?

　　A) It would accelerate the progress of AI research.

　　B) It would mark a step forward in the AI industry.

　　C) It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind.

　　D) It was an achievement of multi-disciplinary collaboration.

　　48. What did Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research?

　　A) The shift of research focus from the past to the future.

　　B) The shift of research from theory to implementation.

　　C) The greater emphasis on the negative impact of AI.

　　D) The increasing awareness of mankind’s past stupidity.

　　49. What concerns did Hawking raise about AI?

　　A) It may exceed human intelligence sooner or later.

　　B) It may ultimately over-amplify the human mind.

　　C) Super-intelligence may cause its own destruction.

　　D) Super-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind.

　　50. What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry?

　　A) They are much influenced by the academic community.

　　B) They are most likely to benefit from AI development.

　　C) They share the same concerns about AI as academics.

　　D) They believe they can keep AI under human control.

　　【答案】BCADC

　　【详解】

　　46.What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence?

　　【B】It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making.

　　【解析】根据关键词Stephen Hawking和artificial intelligence定位到第一段霍金说either the best or worst thing,即人工智能可能是最好也可能是最坏的事情，分析答案为B选项，既有可能是福气也有可能是灾难。

　　47.What dis Hawking say about the creation of the LCFT?

　　【C】It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind.

　　【解析】根据关键词creation of the LCFT定位到第二段第一句话，Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Center for the Future of Intelligence(LCFI)，这是接上段话的，因此第一段最后也是Hawking在那里说的话，他praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to researching the future of intelligence as “crucial to the future of our civilisation and our species”.因此分析答案选择C。

　　48.What dis Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research?

　　【A】the shift of research focus from the past to the future.

　　【解析】根据关键词a welcome change，定位到第二段最后一句话。前文说人类以前一直喜欢研究历史，但是现在开始研究了未来技术，只是一个改变。分析定位句选择答案A，研究的方向从历史改到了未来。

　　49.What concerns did Hawking raise about AI?

　　【D】super-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind.

　　【解析】根据关键词concerns定位到第三段第一句，分析定位句如果超级智能有了自己的意志那么人类可能就会毁灭。所以答案选择D，ruin对上了destruction。

　　50.What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry?

　　【C】they share the same concerns about AI as academics.

　　【解析】根据关键词entrepreneurs from the technology industry定位到最后一段的最后一句话EM这个人作为企业家同样担心AI所带来的损害。根据上文可知不仅是对企业家对于学术界也有损害，所以答案选择C。

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

　　The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, and startups(初创公司) want in on the action. What they sometimes lack is feedback from the people who they hope will use their products. So Brookdale, the country’s largest owner of retirement communities, has been inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their products and hear what the residents have to say.

　　That’s what brought Dayle Rodriguez, 28, all the way from England to the dining room of Brookdale South Bay in Torrance, California. Rodriguez is the community and marketing manager for a company called Sentab. The startup’s product, SentabTV, enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control.

　　“It’s nothing new, it’s nothing too complicated and it’s natural because lots of people have TV remotes,” says Rodriguez.

　　But none of that is the topic of conversation in the Brookdale dining room. Instead, Rodriguez solicits residents’ advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and how he should spend the afternoon. Playing cards was on the agenda, as well as learning to play mahjong (麻将).

　　Rodriguez says it’s important that residents here don’t feel like he’s selling them something. “I’ve had more feedback in a passive approach,” he says. “Playing pool, playing cards, having diner, having lunch,” all works better “than going through a survey of questions. When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure I’m not selling them something — there’ll be more honest feedback from them.”

　　Rodriguez is just the seventh entrepreneur to move into one of Brookdale’s 1,100 senior living communities. Other new products in the program have included a kind of full-body blow dryer and specially designed clothing that allows people with disabilities to dress and undress themselves.

　　Mary Lou Busch, 93, agreed to try the Sentab system. She tells Rodriguez hat it might be good for someone, but not for her.

　　“I have the computer and Facetime, which I talk with my family on,” she explains. She also has an iPad and I smartphone. “So I do pretty much everything I need to do.”

　　To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic(害怕技术的) seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. This one is located in the heart of Southern California’s aerospace corridor. Many residents have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles.

　　Rodriguez says he’s still learning something important by moving into this Brookdale community: “People are more tech-proficient than we thought.”

　　And besides, where else would he learn to play mahjong?

　　51What does the passage say about the startups?

　　A) They never lost time in upgrading products for seniors

　　B) They want to have a share of the senior’s goods market

　　C) They invite seniors to their companies to try their products

　　D) They try to profit from promoting digital products to seniors

　　52. Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to______.

　　A) have an interview with potential customers.

　　B) conduct a survey of retirement communities.

　　C) collect residents’ feedback on their products.

　　D) show senior residents how to use IT products.

　　53. What do we know about SentabTV ?

　　A) It is a TV program catering to the interest of the elderly.

　　B) It is a digital TV which enjoys popularity among seniors.

　　C) It is a TV specially designed for seniors to view programs.

　　D) It is a communication system via TV instead of a computer.

　　54. What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?

　　A) Winning trust from prospective customers.

　　B) Knowing the likes and dislikes of customers.

　　C) Demonstrating their superiority on the spot.

　　D) Responding promptly to customer feedback.

　　55. What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community?

　　A) Most of them are interested in using the Sentab.

　　B) They are quite at ease with high-tech products.

　　C) They have much in common with seniors elsewhere.

　　D) Most of them enjoy a longer life than average people.

　　【答案】BCDAB

　　【解析】

　　51.What does the passage say about the start-ups?

　　【B】they want to have a share of the seniors’ goods market.

　　【解析】根据关键词“start-ups ”定位到原文第一段第一句“the market for products designed … year，and start-ups want in on the action”，提到了老年人的市场，只有B选项 seniors’ goods market符合原文。

　　52. Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to _____.

　　【C】collect residents’ feedback on their products

　　【解析】根据关键词“Some entrepreneurs 和 Brookdale”定位到原文第一段第四行，“… hear what residents have to say”，与C选项residents feedback 为同义转化。

　　53. What do we know about Sentab TV?

　　【D】it is a communication system via TV instead of a computer.

　　【解析】根据关键词“SentabTV ”定位到原文第二段第三行，根据“not be comfortable with computer to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control.”，同义转化为D选项通过电视而不是电脑交流，符合原文。

　　54. What do Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?

　　【A】winning trust from prospective customers.

　　【解析】根据关键词“Rodriguez say is important ”定位到原文第五段第一行，根据“when they get to know me and to trust me ”，同义转化为A选项关于顾客的信任，符合原文。

　　55. What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community?

　　【B】they are quite at ease with high-tech products.

　　【解析】根据关键词“seniors in the Brookdale community ”定位到原文最后三段，根据“many residents have backgrounds in engineering”，最后一段“People are more tech-proficient than we thought”，同义转化为B选项，表示很多老年人都很精通高科技产品，符合原文。

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