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以下内容是2019年12月六级第一套仔细阅读解析(福州新东方)供各位考生参考！新东方网四六级频道第一时间更新公布英语四六级真题答案。同时广大考生还可以参与线上直播，与线上老师随时互动答疑，敬请广大考生密切关注2019年12月英语四六级真题解析专题。
Passage One: 态度的重要性
46-50 CAADB
Passage Two: 保护南极
51-55 CBADC
Passage One: 谎言
46-50 ADBBB
Passage Two :大地震
51-55 CADAC
新东方福州学校黄凡玲
Passage One
Schools are not just a microcosm(缩影) of society; they mediate it too. The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on their pupils while equipping them better to understand and handle the world outside-at once sheltering them and broadening their horizons. This is ambitious in any circumstances, and in a divided and unequal society the two ideals can clash outright(直接地).
Trips that many adults would consider the adventure of a lifetime-treks in Borneo, a sports tour to Barbados-appear to have become almost routine at some state schools. Parents are being asked for thousands of pounds. Though schools cannot profit from these trips, the companies that arrange them do. Meanwhile, pupils arrive at school hungry because their families can't afford breakfast. The Child Poverty Action Group says nine out of 30 in every classroom fall below the poverty line. The discrepancy is startlingly apparent. Introducing a fundraising requirement for students does not help, as better-off children can tap up richer aunts and neighbours.
Probing the rock pools of a local beach or practising French on a language exchange can fire children's passions, boost their skills and open their eyes to life's possibilities. Educational outings help bright but disadvantaged students to get better scores in A-level tests. In this globalised age, there is a good case for international travel, and some parents say they can manage the cost of a school trip abroad more easily than a family holiday. Even in the face of immense and mounting financial pressures, some schools have shown remarkable determination and ingenuity in ensuring that all their pupils are able to take up opportunities that may be truly life-changing. They should be applauded. Methods such as whole-school fundraising, with the proceeds(收益) pooled, can help to extend opportunities and fuel community spirit.
But £3,000 trips cannot be justified when the average income for families with children is just over £30,000. Such initiatives close doors for many pupils. Some parents pull their children out of school because of expensive field trips. Even parents who can see that a trip is little more than a party or celebration may well feel guilt that their child is left behind.
The Department for Education's guidance says schools can charge only for board and lodging if the trip is part of the syllabus, and that students receiving government aid are exempt from these costs. However, many schools seem to ignore the advice; and it does not cover the kind of glamorous, exotic trips, which are becoming increasingly common. Schools cannot be expected to bring together communities single-handed. But the least we should expect is that they do not foster divisions and exclude those who are already disadvantaged.
46. What does the author say best schools should do?
A) Prepare students to both challenge and change the divided unequal society.
B) Protect students from social pressures and enable them to face the world.
C) Motivate students to develop their physical as well as intellectual abilities.
D) Encourage students to be ambitious and help them to achieve their goals.
47. What does the author think about school field trips?
A) They enable students from different backgrounds to mix with each other.
B) They widen the gap between privileged and disadvantaged students.
C) They give the disadvantaged students a chance to see the world.
D) They only benefit students with rich relatives and neighbours.
48. What does the author suggest can help build community spirit?
A) Events aiming to improve community services.
B) Activities that help to fuel students' ingenuity.
C) Events that require mutual understanding.
D) Activities involving all students on campus.
49. What do we learn about low-income parents regarding school field trips?
A) They want their children to participate even though they don't see much benefit.
B) They don't want their kids to participate but find it hard to keep them from going.
C) They don't want their kids to miss any chance to broaden their horizons despite the cost.
D) They want their children to experience adventures but they don't want them to run risks.
50. What is the author's expectation of schools?
A) Bringing a community together with ingenuity.
B) Resolving the existing discrepancies in society.
C) Avoiding creating new gaps among students.
D) Giving poor students preferential treatment.
【答案】BCDAC
【解析】
46. B
【解题思路】通过关键词best school可以定位到文章的第一段的第二句话，最好的办法是减轻学生的外部压力，同时让他们更好地理解和处理外部世界——同时保护他们，拓宽他们的视野。因此，本题应选择B选项，保护学生免受社会压力，使他们能够面对世界。
【干扰项排除】A)让学生做好准备去挑战和改变分歧的且不平等的社会。文章中虽然有提到a divided and unequal society，但并没有提到要让学生做好准备去挑战和改变这种分歧的且不平等的社会。C和D选项文章中没有提到。
47.C
【解题思路】第三段，而不是第二段，该段中虽有作者对field trip 的表述，但与四个选项均不符。第三段首句提到...boost their skills and open their eyes to life's possibilities. 说明field trip 是一种可以拓宽贫穷孩子的视野的机会。open their eyes to life's possibilities和选项[C] a chance to see the world对应。
【干扰项排除】文章中没有提到旅行可以使来自不同背景的学生融合在一起，排除A选项。也没有提到会给弱势群体的学生看世界的机会，排除B选项。文章中只提到家境较好的孩子可以向更有钱的阿姨和邻居求助，并没有认为只有这些拥有富有的亲戚和邻居的学生才能收益，D选项过于绝对。
48. D
【解题思路】根据关键词build community spirit可定位到文章的第三段的最后一句，通过类似全校筹款等方法，在集资之后，可以帮助创造更多机会和激发团体精神。本句话暗示了要通过全体学生参与的方法来激发团体的精神，因此本题选择D选项。
【干扰项排除】文章只提到要通过类似全校筹款等方法，指的是需要全员参与，不是只要通过旨在提高社会服务的活动，也不是有助于激发学生创造力的活动，更不是一些需要相互理解的活动。因此本题排除A、B、C选项。
49. A
【解题思路】第四段最后一句：Even parents who can see that a trip is little more than a party or celebration may well feel guilt that their child is left behind.该句意为即便家长知道户外活动没有多大价值，他们不让孩子参加还是会觉得心有愧疚。is little more than a party or celebration选项[A] don't see much benefit对应。
【干扰项排除】
文章中提到父母会因为无法让孩子参加旅行而感到内容，说明父母是喜欢孩子参加的，此处排除B选项。家长无力支付孩子的旅行费用但同时对孩子没能去旅行产生愧疚感，C选项意思为家长有钱支付，不符合句意，故排除。文章中没有提到父母不希望孩子冒险，排除D选项。
50. C
【解题思路】根据关键词expectation of schools可以定位到文章最后一段的最后一句话，但我们至少应该期望，它们不会造成差距，并将那些已经处于弱势地位的人排除在外。此题应该选择C选项，避免在学生之间制造新的差距。
【干扰项排除】文章中没有提及要把社区和智慧凝聚在一起，此处排除A选项。文章中只是提到希望不会造成差异，并没有提到要解决社会中存在的差异，此处排除B选项。另外文章中有提出学校应该免除贫困学生的一些费用，但是这是教育部的意见，并不是作者的期望，此处排除D选项。
Passage Two
Rising temperatures and overfishing in the pristine(未受污染的) waters around the Antarctic could see King penguin populations pushed to the brink of extinction by the end of the century, according to a new study. The study's report states that as global warming transforms the environment in the world's last great wilderness, 70 percent of king penguins could either disappear or be forced to find new breeding grounds.
Co-author Céline Le Bohec, from the University of Strasbourg in France, warned: "If there’re no actions aimed at halting or controlling global warming, and the pace of the current human-induced changes such as climate change and overfishing stays the same, the species may soon disappear.” The findings come amid growing concern over the future of the Antarctic. Earlier this month a separate study found that a combination of climate change and industrial fishing is threatening the krill(磷虾) population in Antarctic waters, with a potentially disastrous impact on whales, seals and penguins. But today's report is the starkest warning yet of the potentially devastating impact of climate change and human exploitation on the Antarctic's delicate ecosystems. Le Bohecsaid: “Unless current greenhouse gas emissions drop, 70 percent of king penguins- 1.1 million breeding pairs-will be forced to relocate their breeding grounds, or face extinction by 2100.”King penguins are the second-largest type of penguin and only breed on specific isolated islands in the Southern Ocean where there is no ice cover and easy access to the sea. As the ocean warms, a body of water called the Antarctic Polar Front-an upward movement of nutrient-rich sea that supports a huge abundance of marine life-is being pushed further south. This means that king penguins, which feed on fish and krill in this body of water, have to travel further to their feeding grounds, leaving their hungry chicks for longer. And as this distance between their breeding grounds and their food grows, entire colonies could be wiped out.
Le Bohecsaid: "The plight of the king penguin should serve as a warning about the future of entire marine environment in the Antarctic. Penguins, like other seabirds and marine mammals, occupy higher levels in the food chain and they are what we call bio-indicators of their ecosystems." Penguins are sensitive indicators of changes in marine ecosystems. As such, they are key species for understanding and predicting impacts of global change on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic marine ecosystems. The report found that although some king penguins may be able to relocate to new breeding grounds closer to their retreating food source, suitable new habitats would be scarce. Only a handful of islands in the Southern Ocean are suitable for sustaining large breeding colonies.
51. What will happen by 2100, according to a new study?
A) King penguins in the Antarctic will be on the verge of dying out.
B) Sea water will rise to a much higher level around the Antarctic.
C) The melting ice cover will destroy the great Antarctic wilderness.
D) The pristine waters around the Antarctic will disappear forever.
52. What do we learn from the findings of a separate study?
A) Shrinking krill population and rising temperatures could force Antarctic whales to migrate.
B) Human activities have accelerated climate change in the Antarctic region in recent years.
C) Industrial fishing and climate change could be fatal to certain Antarctic species.
D) Krill fishing in the Antarctic has worsened the pollution of the pristine waters.
53. What does the passage say about king penguins?
A) They will turn out to be the second-largest species of birds to become extinct.
B) Many of them will have to migrate to isolated islands in the Southern Ocean.
C) They feed primarily on only a few kinds of krill in the Antarctic Polar Front.
D) The majority of them may have to find new breeding grounds in the future.
54. What happens when sea levels rise in the Antarctic?
A) Many baby king penguins can't have food in time.
B) Many king penguins could no longer live on krill.
C) Whales will invade king penguins' breeding grounds.
D) Whales will have to travel long distances to find food.
55. What do we learn about the Southern Ocean?
A) The king penguins there are reluctant to leave for new breeding grounds.
B) Its conservation is key to the sustainable propagation of Antarctic species.
C) It is most likely to become the ultimate retreat for species like the king penguin.
D) Only a few of its islands can serve as huge breeding grounds for king penguins.
【答案】ACDAD
【解析】
51. A
【解题思路】根据关键词by 2100和new study，可定位到文章的第一段第一句话，根据一项新的研究，21世纪末，不断上升的气温和过度捕捞将南极附近未受污染的海域的帝企鹅种群推向灭绝的边缘。由此可以判断，南极的帝企鹅将濒临灭绝，本题选A。
【干扰项排除】文章中没有提到南极海域的海水将上升，排除B选项。文章只提到随着全球变暖，世界上最后一片荒野的环境将会因此改变，并没有提到融化的冰层将会摧毁南极的荒野，因此排除C选项。文章中只提到70%的帝企鹅会要么消失，要么要寻找新的繁殖地，并没有提到南极周围的未受污染的水域将永远消失，因此排除D选项。
52. C
【解题思路】根据findings和a separate study，可定位到文章第二段的第三句，本月早些时候的另一项研究发现，气候变化和工业捕鱼正威胁着南极海域的磷虾,同时对鲸、海豹和企鹅有潜在的灾难性的影响。由此可以判断，工业捕鱼和气候变化对某些南极物种来说可能是致命的，本题选C。
【干扰项排除】文章只提到，另一项研究发现气候变化对南极的鲸有灾难性的影响，并没有提到磷虾数量的缩减和上升的气温会迫使南极的鲸进行迁徙，排除A选项。文章也没有提及另一项研究发现近年来，人类活动会加速南极海域的气候变化，排除B选项。文章没有提到南极的磷虾捕捞会加剧原始海域的污染，排除D选项。
53. D
【解题思路】根据关键词king penguins可以定位到文章的第二段的倒数第二句，文章提到这意味着在这片水域以鱼类和磷虾为食的帝企鹅不得不前往更远的觅食地。可见，大多数帝企鹅将来可能不得不寻找新的繁殖地，本题选D。
【干扰项排除】文章只提到帝企鹅是企鹅的第二大种类，并没有提到它们将成为第二大灭绝的鸟类，排除A选项。文章只提到帝企鹅只在南大洋的特定孤岛上繁殖，那里没有冰层覆盖，很容易进入大海。并没有提到帝企鹅将不得不迁移到南大洋的孤岛上，排除B选项。文章只提到帝企鹅靠鱼和磷虾为食，并没有提到他们只靠南极前线的磷虾喂食，C选项过于绝对。
54. A
【解题思路】根据sea levels rise和in the Antarctic可以定位到文章的第二段的倒数第二句，文章提到这意味着在这片水域以鱼类和磷虾为食的帝企鹅不得不前往更远的觅食地，让饥饿的小企鹅们待得更久。可见，小企鹅们将无法及时得到食物，因此本题选A。
【干扰项排除】文章没有提到许多帝企鹅再也不能以磷虾为食，排除B选项。文章也没有提及鲸鱼会入侵帝企鹅的繁殖地，排除C选项。文章只提到帝企鹅可能需要去更远的地方找食物，没有提到鲸鱼必须长途跋涉才能找到食物，排除D选项。
55. D
【解题思路】根据the Southern Ocean可以定位到文章第三段的最后一句话，南大洋中只有少数岛屿适合维持大型繁殖群体的生存。可见，南海只有几个岛屿可以作为帝企鹅的大型繁殖地，本题选择D选项。
【干扰项排除】文章只提到南海的帝企鹅将不得不去寻找新的繁殖地，没有提到它们不愿意离开去新的繁殖地，本题排除A选项。文章没有提到保护南海是南极物种可持续繁殖的关键，本题排除B选项。文章没有提到南海最有可能成为像帝企鹅这样的物种的终极栖息地，排除C选项。
【考后关注】
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