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　　四级翻译解析

　　武汉杨军丽

　　【试题】

　　《三国演义》写于14世纪，是中国著名的历史小说。这部小说以三国时期的历史为基础，描写了从二世纪下半叶到三世纪下半叶魏、蜀、吴之间的战争。小说描写了近千个人物和无数的历史事件。虽然这些人物和事件大多是基于真实的历史，但它们都不同程度地被浪漫化和戏剧化了。《三国演义》是公认的文学名著。自出版以来，这部小说吸引了一代又一代的读者，对中国文化产生了广泛而持久的影响。

　　【译文】

　　The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a famous historical novel in China, was written in the 14th century. This novel is based on the history of the Three Kingdoms period and depicts the war among Wei, Shu and Wu from the second half of the second century to the second half of the third century. The novel describes nearly a thousand personalities and countless historical events. Though most of these characters and events are based on real history, they are romanticized and dramatized to varying degrees. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a recognized literary masterpiece. Since its publication, this novel has attracted generations of readers and has exerted a broad and lasting impact on Chinese culture.

　　【解析】

　　①《三国演义》写于14世纪，是中国著名的历史小说。

　　句一结构：“《三国演义》写于14世纪”主谓结构，时态使用过去时，“是中国著名的历史小说”可以写成并列句，也可写成《三国演义》的同位语，更地道。

　　The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a famous historical novel in China, was written in the 14th century.

　　②这部小说以三国时期的历史为基础，描写了从二世纪下半叶到三世纪下半叶魏、蜀、吴之间的战争。

　　句二结构：并列句，后置定语：介词短语做后置定语要放在名词之后。

　　词汇：以……为基础”可以用be based on等;描写：describe, depict等;“魏、蜀、吴”可直接用拼音，首字母大写，另外介词短语作后置定语要放在名词之后;“从二世纪下半叶到三世纪下半叶”可以用from the second half of the second century to the second half of the third century，但介词短语作后置定语要放在名词之后。

　　This novel is based on the history of the Three Kingdoms period and describes the war among Wei, Shu and Wu from the second half of the second century to the second half of the third century.

　　③小说描写了近千个人物和无数的历史事件。

　　句三结构：主谓宾。

　　词汇：描写：describe, depict等，因为上句用了depict，本句可用describe。

　　The novel depicts nearly a thousand personalities and countless historical events.

　　④虽然这些人物和事件大多是基于真实的历史，但它们都不同程度地被浪漫化和戏剧化了。

　　本句重点：让步状语从句，可由though，although引导，但记得用了though/although，就不能用but了。

　　Though most of these characters and events are based on real history, they are romanticized and dramatized to varying degrees.

　　⑤《三国演义》是公认的文学名著。

　　句五结构：主系表。

　　The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a recognized literary masterpiece.

　　⑥自出版以来，这部小说吸引了一代又一代的读者，对中国文化产生了广泛而持久的影响。

　　句五结构：并列句，主谓宾，时态可以用现在完成时，表示过去的事情对现在的影响。

　　词汇：吸引：attract;产生……影响：have a/an…influence/impact/effect，have也可替换为更高级的exert(施加)。

　　【译文】

　　Since its publication, this novel has attracted generations of readers and has exerted a broad and lasting impact on Chinese culture.

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