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【试题】
鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜,因为汉语中“鱼”字的发音与“余”字的发音相同。正由于这个象征性的意义,春节期间鱼也作为礼物送给亲戚朋友。鱼的象征意义据说源于中国传统文化。中国人有节省的传统,他们认为节省得愈多,就感到愈为安全。今天,尽管人们愈来愈富裕了,但他们仍然认为节省是一种值得弘扬的美德。
【译文】
Fish is an indispensable dish on the table before the Spring Festival, because the pronunciation of “fish” in Chinese is the same as that of“Yu”(which means abundance). Because of this symbolic significance, fish are also given as gifts to relatives and friends during the Spring Festival. It is said that the symbolic meaning of fish derived from Chinese traditional culture. The Chinese have a tradition of saving, and they think that the more you save, the safer you feel. Today, although people are getting richer and richer, they still think that saving is a virtue worth carrying forward.
【解析】
① 鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜,因为汉语中“鱼”字的发音与“余”字的发音相同。
句子结构:原因状语从句,主句和从句均为主系表结构。本句中“余”需要解释它代表的意思。
词汇:不可或缺 indispensable
Fish is an indispensable dish on the table before the Spring Festival, because the pronunciation of “fish” in Chinese is the same as that of “Yu” (which means abundance).
② 正由于这个象征性的意义,春节期间鱼也作为礼物送给亲戚朋友。
句二结构:被动句 本句介词短语较多, “正由于这个象征性的意义”用because of或 due to 加名词短语放句首表原因,“春节期间”时间状语可以放句尾。
词汇:象征性的 symbolic 亲戚 relative
Because of this symbolic significance, fish are also given as gifts to relatives and friends during the Spring Festival.
③ 鱼的象征意义据说源于中国传统文化。
句三结构:据说……,可以选择用it形式主语结构:it is said that…
词汇:源于 stem from; derive from;originate from
It is said that the symbolic meaning of fish derived from Chinese traditional culture.
④ 中国人有节省的传统,他们认为节省得愈多,就感到愈为安全。
句四结构:并列句,宾语从句,比较级。前半句较简单,可以翻译为主谓宾结构的简单句,后半句考查宾语从句以及the +比较级……,the +比较级……,比较结构。
The Chinese have a tradition of saving, and they think that the more you save, the safer you feel.
⑤ 今天,尽管人们愈来愈富裕了,但他们仍然认为节省是一种值得弘扬的美德。
句五结构:让步状语从句,宾语从句。本句中“值得弘扬的”定语较难,可以处理为worth doing结构,worth形容词做后置定语修饰 “美德”。
词汇:美德 virtue 弘扬 carry forward
Today, although people are getting richer and richer, they still think that saving is a virtue worth carrying forward.
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