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【试题一】
鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜,因为汉语中“鱼”字与“余”字的发音相同。正由于这个象征性的意义,春节期间鱼也作为礼物送给亲戚朋友。鱼的象征意义据说源于中国传统文化。中国人有节省的传统,他们认为节省的愈多,就感到愈为安全。今天,尽管人们愈来愈富裕了,但他们仍然认为节省是一种值得弘扬的美德。
【译文】
Fish is an indispensable dish on the table on the eve of the Spring Festival, because the Chinese character "fish" and "abundant" are pronounced the same.Because of this symbolic meaning, fish are also given as gifts to relatives and friends during the Spring Festival.The symbolic meaning of fish is said to be derived from traditional Chinese culture.The Chinese have a tradition of saving. Chinese people have a tradition of saving, saving the more they think, the more we feel safe.Today, even though people are getting richer, they still believe that saving is a virtue worth promoting.
【解析】
①鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜,因为汉语中“鱼”字与“余”字的发音相同。
第一句从句式上是A是B的主系表结构,“春节前夕”为时间状语,需调整修饰顺序,放于句末去翻译;“不可或缺”为indispensable,若不会写,也可简化翻译为important,essential,寻找宽泛词。后半句主干是A与B的发音相同,可将发音词性转换为 动词去译,若“发音”不会写,则简化翻译为speaking。
Fish is an indispensable dish on the table on the eve of the Spring Festival, because the Chinese character "fish" and 建议此处修改为 “surplus”或 “abundant” are pronounced the same.
② 正由于这个象征性的意义,春节期间鱼也作为礼物送给亲戚朋友。
第二句动词是“作为”,主语是“鱼”,是一个一般现在时被动语态的考点,词汇方面“春节期间”,“象征性意义”在课上反复强调过,为高频短语结构,during the Spring Festival 和“symbolic meaning”;若“象征性的”形容词不会写,也可简单处理为“正是由于这个象征”。
Because of this symbolic meaning, fish are also given as gifts to relatives and friends during the Spring Festival.
③ 鱼的象征意义据说源于中国传统文化。
第三句动词“源于”originate from同样为四级高频动词短语,课上也带大家反复练习。“据说;据传”为四级高频句式之一,可处理为“It is said that ....”或 sth is said to be ..”
The symbolic meaning of fish is said to be derived from traditional Chinese culture.
④ 中国人有节省的传统,他们认为节省的愈多,就感到愈为安全。
第四句是典型的“the more...the more...”的结构,一旦不会写,可进行同义句替换“此处修改为“当人们”节省更多的钱,他们就会感到更加安全”
Chinese people have a tradition of saving,建议此处修改为“the more they save”, the more 此处代词应和前半句代词保持统一,用they feel safe.
⑤ 今天,尽管人们愈来愈富裕了,但他们仍然认为节省是一种值得弘扬的美德。
第五句可以把两句合并起来,用although(虽然)连接,主句“他们仍然认为节省是一种值得弘扬的美德”是主句, 词汇方面“弘扬的”若不会书写,可同义替换为“赞扬的”praise,或者寻找宽泛词“essential;major”进行替换
Today, even though people are getting richer, they still believe that saving 此处翻译错误,建议修改为 “ is a virtue worthy of promoting”.