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四级阅读Section C 试卷解析
大连中心 涂翰林，何德成
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
原文
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
1.【51】Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is easy to see why. South America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing deforestation on an enormous scale: every year almost 5 million hectares are lost. But forests are also changing in rich Western countries. They are growing larger, both in the sense that they occupy more and that the trees in them and bigger. What is going on?
2.【52】Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, with fastest growth in places that historically had rather few tress. In 1990 28% of Spain was forested; now the proportion is 37%. In both Greece and Italy, the growth was from 26% to 32% over the same period. Forests are gradually taking more and in America and Australia. Perhaps most astonishing is the trend in Ireland. Roughly 1% of that country was forested when it became independent in 1922. Forests cover 11% of the land, and the government wants to push the proportion to 18% by the 2040s.
3.【53】Two things are fertilising this growth. The first is the abandonment of farmland, especially in high, dry places where nothing grows terribly well. When farmers give up trying to earn a living from farming or herding trees simply move in. The second is government policy and subsidy. Throughout history, governments have protected and promoted forests for diverse reasons, ranging from the need for wooden warships to a desire to promote suburban house-building. 【54】Nowadays forests are increasingly welcome because they suck in carbon pollution from the air. The justifications change; the desire for more trees remains constant.
4.The greening of the West does not delight everyone. Farmers complain that land is being taken out of use by generously subsidised tree plantations. Parts of Spain and Portugal suffer from terrible forest fires. Others simply dislike the appearance of forests planted in neat rows. They will have to get used to the trees, however. 【55】The growth of Western forests seems almost as unstoppable as deforestation elsewhere.
51. What is catching environmentalists’ attention nowadays?
A) Rich countries are stripping poor ones of their resources.
B) Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.
C) Forests are eating away the fertile farmland worldwide.
D) Rich countries are doing little to address deforestation.
52. Which countries have the fastest forest growth?
A) Those that have newly achieved independence.
B) Those that at have the greatest demand for timber
C) Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.
D) Those that provide enormous government subsidies.
53. What has encouraged forest growth historically?
A) The government’s advocacy.
B) The use of wood for fuel.
C) The favorable climate.
D) The green movement.
54. What account for our increasing desire for forests?
A) Their unique scenic beauty.
B) Their use as fruit plantation.
C) Their capability of improving air quality.
D) Their stable supply of building materials.
55. What does the author conclude about the prospects of forestation?
A) Deserts in sub-Saharan Africa will diminish gradually.
B) It will play a more and more important role in people’s lives.
C) Forest destruction in the developing world will quickly slow down.
D) Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite direction.
答案及解析
Passage Two
51.B
【解析】
题干问：“51. What is catching environmentalists’ attention nowadays? （现在，什么事情引起了环保人士的注意？）”根据题干关键词定位到原文第1段“Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is easy to see why. South America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing deforestation on an enormous scale: every year almost 5 million hectares are lost.（巴西和刚果等国的森林受到了环境保护主义者的广泛关注，原因很容易理解。南美洲和撒哈拉以南非洲正经历着大规模的森林砍伐：每年有近500万公顷的森林被砍伐殆尽。）”。通过对比可知“B) Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.（许多发展中国家的森林正在迅速减少。）”为正确选项。
52.C
【解析】
题干问：“52. Which countries have the fastest forest growth?（哪些国家的森林增长最快）”根据题干关键词定位到原文第2段“Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, with fastest growth in places that historically had rather few tress.（森林正在几乎所有的西方国家蔓延，并且在历史上树木稀少的地方增长最快。）”。通过对比可知“C) Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.（那些过去森林覆盖率最低的地区。）”为正确选项。
53.A
【解析】
题干问：“53. What has encouraged forest growth historically?（历史上是什么鼓励了森林的生长）”根据题干关键词定位到原文第3段“Two things are fertilising this growth. The first is the abandonment of farmland…The second is government policy and subsidy.（有两个因素在促进这种增长。第一个是放弃耕地，…第二个是政府的政策和补贴。）”。原文里列举了两个因素，只要在选项中找到符合他们之一的选项即可，因此“A) The government’s advocacy.（政府的倡导）”为正确选项。
54.C
【解析】
题干问：“54. What account for our increasing desire for forests?（为什么我们对森林的渴望与日俱增）”根据题干关键词定位到原文第3段“Nowadays forests are increasingly welcome because they suck in carbon pollution from the air.（现在森林越来越受欢迎，因为它们吸收空气中的碳污染。）”。通过对比可知“C) Their capability of improving air quality.（改善空气质量的能力）”为正确选项。
55.D
【解析】
题干问：“55. What does the author conclude about the prospects of forestation?（作者对造林的前景有何看法？）”根据题干关键词定位到原文第4段“The growth of Western forests seems almost as unstoppable as deforestation elsewhere.（西方国家森林的增长似乎和其他地方的森林砍伐一样势不可挡。）”。通过对比可知“D) Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite direction.（发达国家和发展中国家正朝着相反的方向发展。）”为正确选项。
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