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2020年12月四级听力解析

郑州学校王丹丹

本次四级听力整体难度较小，新闻和篇章主要涉及环保、生态、科教和公益等话题，长对话涉及商业咨询和家居装潢的话题。大多数题目都可以用视听一致和同义替换的技巧完成，极少题目需要同学们完全听懂进行分析总结。接下来，咱们就一块儿来看看每个板块具体的解析吧。

Section A

New Report One

【Q1】A poisonous fish which has a sting strong enough to kill a human is invading the Mediterranean, warned scientists. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (UICN) has raised concerns after the poisonous fish was spotted in the waters around Turkey, Cyprus and the eastern Mediterranean. Native to the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, the potentially deadly fish has poisonous hooks and a painful sting capable of killing people. Although fatalities are rare, the stings can cause extreme pain and stop people breathing. The fish, often known as Devil Firefish, is a highly invasive species. 【Q2】And environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life. After being spotted in the Mediterranean, a marine scientist says, “The fish is spreading, and that’s a cause for concern.”

Q1: What is reported in the news?

解析：本题是主旨题，重点需要关注听力材料的开头前三句话。定位句为开篇第一句话“A poisonous fish which has a sting strong enough to kill a human is invading the Mediterranean”，可得出答案A) A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.

。

Q2: What is the environmentalists’ concern of the spread of Devil Firefish in the Mediterranean?

解析：本题为细节题，定位句为“environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life.”，原句中的“endanger”和选项里的“pose a threat”为同义替换，可得出答案C) It could pose a threat to other marine species.

New Report Two

【Q3】Almost half the centre of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World Car-Free Day. 【Q4】This is in response to rising air pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time. Mayor Anne Hidalgo promoted the first World Car Free Day last year. Hidalgo also has supported a Paris Breathes Day. On the first Sunday of every month, Paris clears traffic from eight lanes of the main road. About 400 miles of streets will be closed to cars. It is expected to bring significant reduction in pollution levels. “Last year’s car-free day showed a 40% drop in pollution levels in some parts of the city, according to an independent air pollution monitor”, reports the Guardian, “and some levels dropped by 50% in the city centre.”

Q3: What will happen on World Car Free Day in Paris?

解析：本题为细节题，定位句为开篇一句话“Almost half the centre of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World Car-Free Day.”听力材料中的“accessible”在这指“可进入的，”是四六级常见单词，小伙伴们需要注意哦。音频中“only by foot or by bicycle”与选项中的“be closed to cars”是反义概念的替换，因此本题选项为B) About half of its city center will be closed to cars.

Q4: What motivated the mayor of Paris to promote the first World Car Free Day in her city?

解析：本题为细节题，定位句为音频第二句话和第三句话“This is in response to rising air pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time. Mayor Anne Hidalgo promoted the first World Car Free Day last year.”本题音频与选项是一致的，所听即所得，可以采用视听一致原则选出正确选项A) The rising air pollution in Paris.

”

News report 3

【Q5】A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations. Then, a good luck charm that he had kept under his bed changed his life.

The unidentified man had fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off a coastal island in the Philippines ten years ago.

【Q6】When he was forced to sell it, the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Princesca told him that the 77-pound giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his rundown wooden house was【Q7】 the biggest pearl in the world, which was valued at £76 million.

The pearl of Allah, which is currently on display in a New York museum, only weighs 14 pounds. That is five times smaller than the pearl that the fisherman just handed in. 

The monstrous pearl, measured at 1 foot wide and 2.2 feet long, is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town.

Q5: What happened to the Philippine fisherman one day?

解析：本题为细节题，定位句是听力材料第一句“A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations.”、“a house fire”对应选项中的“burn down in a fire”，属于视听一致，因此本题正确选项为B) His house was burnt down in a fire.

Q6: What was the fisherman forced to do?

解析：本题为细节题，定位句是“When he was forced to sell it,”正确选项是D) Sell the pearl he had kept for years. 其他选项属于无中生有。

Q7: What did the fisherman learn from the tourist agent?

 解析：本题为细节题，定位句是“the biggest pearl in the world, which was valued at £76 million.”根据这句话，综合分析后可以选出正确选项C) His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable. 选项中的“monstrous”是形容词，在这指“巨大的”。咱们比较熟悉的是它的名词“monster”，指怪兽或者巨人。纽约博物馆展出的是The pearl of Allah,不是世界上最大的珍珠，故A 选项错误。重达14磅是The pearl of Allah，故B选项错误。在博物馆展出的是The pearl of Allah，故D选项错误。

Section B

Conversation 1

WOMAN: Mr. Smith, It’s a pleasure meeting you!

Man: Nice to meet you, too. What can I do for you?

WOMAN: Well, I’m here to show you what our firm can do for you. Astro Consultants has branches in over fifty countries, offering different business services. 【Q8】We’re a global company with 75 years of history. And our clients include some of the world’s largest companies.

MAN: Thank you, Mrs. Houston. I know Astro Consultants is a famous company. But you said you would show me what you could do for me. Well. What exactly can your firm do for my company?

WOMAN: We advise businesses on all matters, from market analysis to legal issues. Anything a business like yours could meet. Our firm offers expert advice. Could I ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell me a little about your company and the challenges you face? That way, I could better respond as to how we can help you.

Man: OK, sure. 【Q9】This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950. We employ just over 100 people. We manufacture an export stone for buildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design. And that’s what we do in our factory. Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising, and 【Q10】we’re losing competitive advantages to stone produces in India.

WOMAN: I see. That’s very interesting. I will suggest that you let us first 【Q11】conduct a financial analysis of your company, together with the analysis of your competitors in India. That way, we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.

Question 8-11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 

Q8: What do we learn about the woman’s company?

解析：本题定位句为“We’re a global company with 75 years of history.”因此本题正确应当选择A) It boasts a fairly long history. C选项是干扰项，原文为75年的历史，并非75个办公室，听的时候注意识别。

Q9: What does the man say about his own company?

解析：本题定位句为“This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950.” 根据视听一致的原则，可以直接选出C) It is a family business.

Q10: What is the main problem with the man’s company?

解析：本题定位句为“we’re losing competitive advantages to stone produces in India.” 因此本题正确选项为D) Loss of competitive edge. 听力材料中的“competitive advantages”和选项中的“competitive edge”为同义替换，lose和loss也为同义替换，需要小伙伴们特别注意哦。

Q11: What does the woman suggest doing to help the man’s company?

解析：本题定位句为“conduct a financial analysis of your company”，根据视听一致原则可选出正确选项A) Conducting a financial analysis for it.

Conversation 2

Woman: Wow, congratulations, Simon! The place looks absolutely amazing!

Man: Really? You think so?

W: Of course. I love it. It looks like you had a professional interior designer. But you didn’t, did you?

M: No. I did it all by myself with a little help from my brother, Greg. He’s actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.

W: 【Q12】Honestly, I’m impressed! I know I can probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation. Where did you get your ideas? I wouldn’t know where to start.

M: Well, for a while now, 【Q13】I’ve been regularly buying home design magazines. Every now and then, I’d saved the pictures I liked. Believe it or not, I have a full notebook of magazine pages. Since by overall style was quite minimal, I thought and hoped a whole renovation wouldn’t be too difficult. And sure enough, with Greg’s help, it was very achievable.

W: Wasn’t it expensive? I have imagined a project like this could be.

M: 【Q14】Actually, it was surprisingly affordable. I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture and put that extra money towards the new material. Greg was also able to get some discount materials from a recent project he was working on as well.

W: Great! If you don’t mind, I’d like to pick your brain a bit more. Johansson and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room, not the whole house, not yet anyway. 【Q15】And we’d love to get some inspiration from your experience. Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week?

Q12: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?

解析：本题定位句为“Honestly, I’m impressed!”根据视听一致原则可以选出正确选项D) She is really impressed by the man’s house.

Q13: Where did the man get his ideas for the project?

解析：本题定位句为“I’ve been regularly buying home design magazines. Every now and then, I’d saved the pictures I liked.”根据视听一致原则可以选出正确答案B) From home design magazines.

Q14: What did the man say about the project he recently completed?

解析：本题定位句为“Actually, it was surprisingly affordable.”根据视听一致可以选出C) The cost was affordable. 对于这种音节比较长的单词，小伙伴们在听的时候要注意准确性，听的不准容易选错。

Q15: Why does the woman invite the man to her house next week?

解析：本题定位句为“And we’d love to get some inspiration from your experience.”本题的关键词为“experience”，inspiration指 “灵感、启发”，“从你的经验中获得灵感”得出正确选项B) She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.

Section C

Passage 1

【Q16】Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost £3m a year, a study suggests. Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases - 95% of objects removed from noses and 85% from ears. Every year, an average of 1,218 nose and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016. 【Q17】According to England's Hospital Episode Statistics, children aged one to four were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose. Five to nine year olds come to the hospital with something in their ear the most. Jewelry items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children. Paper and plastic toys were the items removed next most from noses. Cotton buds and pencils were also found in ears.

【Q18】According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity. Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears. This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects. Any ear, nose and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults. Batteries can pose a particular danger. In all cases, prevention is better than cure. This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts. Recognizing problems early and seeking medical attention is important.

Q16: What does England spend an annual £3m on?

解析：本题定位句为录音材料第一句“Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost £3m a year”，因此可得出正确选项为 D) Removing objects from patients noses and ears.

Q17: What do we learn from England's Hospital Episode Statistics?

解析：本题定位句为“Five to nine year olds come to the hospital with something in their ear the most.”听到的关键词为“most”,由此可以选出正确选项C) Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears. 最强的干扰项是D选项Children aged one to four are often more curious than older children.，而原文说的是“children aged one to four were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose。”，说法不一致，故可以排除。

Q18: What is generally believed to account for children putting things in their ears or noses?

解析：本题定位句为“According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity.”关键词为curiosity，“好奇心”，正确选项中的curious为形容词“好奇的”，是一个同义替换选项，因此我们可以得出正确选项D)They are curious about these body parts。最强干扰项A中的impulse指的是他们这么做是出于本能，而原文里的impulse指的是探索鼻子和耳朵的本能，表达完全不一致，故可以排除。

Passage Two

Good morning, I’d like to talk to you about my charity ReBicycle. But before that, let me introduce someone. This is Leila Rahimi.  She was so scared when she first moved to New Zealand that she struggled to leave the house and would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies. After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club. .【Q19】At this time, ReBicycle got involved and gave Leila a second-hand bicycle. In weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled. The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom.

【Q20】To date, ReBicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need, and is now expanding bike-riding lessons as demand soars. With a bike, you can travel farther but for almost no cost. The three hours a day that used to spend on walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just one hour. Our bike-riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers. Learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult as an adult, and this can take days and weeks, rather than hours. So, if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at ReBicycle and make a difference in someone’s life.

Q19: What did ReBicycle do to help Leila Rahimi?

解析：本题定位句为“At this time, ReBicycle got involved and gave Leila a second-hand bicycle.”second-hand 与正确选项中的“used”为同义替换，因此选择B)It gave her a used bicycle。

Q20: What is ReBicycle doing to help those in need?

解析：本题定位句为“To date, ReBicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need, and is now is now expanding bike-riding lessons as demand soars”,根据视听一致原则，本题选择A)Expanding bike-riding lessons。

Q21: What do we learn from the passage about the ReBicycle?

解析：本题是为推断题，由20题定位句中的关键词“donate”，捐赠可以得出这是一个慈善组织，因此选择B) It is a charity organization。

Passage 3

Thanks to the International Space Station we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, but NASA scientists want to learn more. 【22】To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on mice. The results are both interesting and humorous.

The scientists first send some mice in a specially designed cage to the International Space Station. The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from Earth via video. As you noticed in the video, the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment. They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success. (23)However, it’s not long before the mice begin to catch on. They adapt remarkably well to their new environment and even using the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage.

 That’s when things really get wild. 【24】The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change but actually seem to be enjoying it. Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls. 

【25】The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on Earth. The study showed that the mice kept much of their routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.

Q22 What do Nasa scientists want to learn about?

解析：本题定位句在听力材料的第二句“To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on mice.”录音材料中的low与正确选项中的lack of 为同义替换，因此选择D) How animals deal with lack of gravity.

Q23 What does the passage say about the mice at the beginning of the experiment?

A) They were not use to the low-gravity environment.

Q24 What was observed about the mice on the 11th day of the experiment?

解析：本题定位句为“The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change but actually seem to be enjoying it.”录音材料中的enjoy 与正确选项的felt at home 为同义替换，因此选择C) They already felt at home in the new environment.

Q25 What did the scientists find about the mice from the experiment? 

解析：本题难度较大，定位句为录音最后两句话，关键短语为“kept much of their routines intact”，intact指原封不动，所以选择 B) They behaved as if they were on Earth. A They repeated their activities every day. 是一个比较强的干扰项，原文continue doing the same kinds of activities，继续做同样的活动，而 repeat是指重复做一件事情，表达不一致，故排除。

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