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四级第一套仔细阅读1解析
新东方郑州学校 肖艳伟
【试题】
Boredom has, paradoxically, become quite interesting to academics lately. In early May, London’s Boring Conference celebrated seven years of delighting in dullness. At this event, people flocked to talks about weather, traffic jams and vending-machine sounds, among other sleep-inducing topics.
What, exactly, is everybody studying? One widely accepted definition of boredom is "the distasteful experience of wanting, but being unable to engage in satisfying activity.” But how can you quantify a person's boredom level and compare it with someone else’s? In 1986, psychologists introduced the Boredom Proneness Scale, designed to measure an individual’s overall tendency to feel bored. By contrast, the Multidimensional State Boredom scale, developed in 2008, measures a person's felings of boredom in a given situation.
Boredom has been linked to behavior issues including inattentive driving, mindless snacking, excessive drinking, and addictive gambling. In fact, many of us would choose pain over boredom. One team of psychologists discovered that two-thirds of men and a quarter of women would rather self-administer electric shocks than sit alone with their thoughts for 15 minutes. Researching this phenomenon, another team asked volunteers to watch boring, sad, or neutar films, during which they could self-administer elecric shocks. The bored volunteers shocked themselves more and harder than the sad or neutral ones did.
But boredom isn't all bad. By encouraging self-reflection and daydreaming, it can spur activity. An early study gave participants abundant time to complete problem-solving and word-association exercises. Once all the obvious answers were exhausted, participants gave more and more incentive answers to combat boredom. A British study took these findings one step further, asking subjects to complete a creative challenge (coming up with a list of alternative uses for a household item). One group of subjects did a boring activity first, while the others went straight to the creative task. Those whose boredom pumps had been primed were more productive.
In our always-connected world, boredom may be a hard-to-define state, but it is a fertile one. Watch paint dry or water boil, or at least put away your smartphone for a while, and you might unlock your next big idea.
46. When are people likely to experience boredom, according to an accepted psychological definition？
A) When they don’t have the chance to do what they want.
B) When they don’t enjoy the materials they are studying.
C) When they experience something unpleasant.
D) When they engage in some routine activities.
47. What does the author say boredom can lead to?
A) Determination
B) Mental deterioration
C) Concentration
D) Harmful conduct
48. What is the findings of one team of psychologists in their experiment?
A) Volunteers prefer watching a boring movie to sitting alone deliberating.
B) Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom.
C) Male volunteers are more immune to the effects of boredom than females.
D) Many volunteers are unable to resist boredom longer than fifteen minutes.
49. Why does the author say boredom isn’t all bad？
A) It stimulates memorization.
B) It may promote creative thinking.
C) It allows time for relaxation.
D) It may facilitate independent learning.
50. What does the author suggests one do when faced with a challenging problem?
A) Stop idling and think big.
B) Unlock one’s smartphone.
C) Look around oneself for stimulation.
D) Allow oneself some time to be bored.
【解析】
46. 正确答案 【A】
考察题型：细节题
解题思路：根据题干定位到第二段②，由 One widely accepted definition of boredom is “the distasteful experience of wanting, but being unable to engage in satisfying activity.” 可知，一个被广泛接受的对无聊的定义是“想要却没能得到的令人不快的经历，未能从事令人满意的活动。”，所以选A。
干扰选项分析：BCD文中未提到并且不符合文意，所以排除。
47. 正确答案【D】
考察题型：细节题
解题思路：由第三段① “Boredom has been linked to behavior issues including inattentive driving, mindless snacking, excessive drinking, and addictive gambling.” 可知，无聊与粗心驾驶、盲目吃零食、酗酒和上瘾赌博等行为问题有关。所以无聊导致的都是不好的行为，即选D。
干扰选项分析：A决心C专注度都是好的方面，反向干扰排除；B精神恶化，精神只是其中一方面，以偏概全排除。
48. 正确选项 【B】
考察题型：细节题
解题思路：根据题干定位到第三段③ “One team of psychologists discovered that two-thirds of men and a quarter of women would rather self-administer electric shocks than sit alone with their thoughts for 15 minutes.” 可知，一个心理学家团队发现，三分之二的男性和四分之一的女性宁愿自己实施电击也不愿独自坐着思考15分钟。所以选B。
干扰选项分析：ACD不符合文意，所以排除。
49. 正确选项【B】
考察题型：细节题
解题思路：根据题干定位到第四段①② “But boredom isn't all bad. By encouraging self-reflection and daydreaming, it can spur activity.” 可知，但无聊也不全是坏事。通过鼓励自我反省和白日做梦，它可以刺激活动。所以选B。
干扰选项分析：A刺激记忆，出自③，这只是下文的一个例子，以偏概全排除；CD文中未提到，所以排除。
50. 正确选项 【D】
考察题型：细节题
解题思路：由第四段最后两句 “In our always-connected world, boredom may be a hard-to-define state, but it is a fertile one. Watch paint dry or water boil, or at least put away your smartphone for a while, and you might unlock your next big idea.” 可知，在我们这个始终保持联系的世界里，无聊可能是一种难以定义的状态，但它是一种丰富的状态。看着油漆变干或者水沸腾，或者至少把你的智能手机放一段时间，你可能会开启你的下一个伟大的想法。所以选C。
干扰选项分析：ABD不符合文意，所以排除。
解题思路：本题通过题干关键词定位至原文末段末句，原文意为“看油漆变干和开水沸腾，或者至少暂时放下手机，你可能可以解锁你的下一个很棒的想法”，D选项意为“允许自己一点无聊的时间”是对这句话的概括。
干扰选项分析：ABC不符合文意，所以排除。
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