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原文：
Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is easy to see why. South America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing deforestation on an enormous scale: every year almost 5 million hectares are lost. But forests are also changing in rich Western countries. They are growing larger, both in the sense that they occupy more and that the trees in them and bigger. What is going on?
Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, with fastest growth in places that historically had rather few trees. In 1990 28% of Spain was forested; now the proportion is 37%. In both Greece and Italy, the growth was from 26% to 32% over the same period. Forests are gradually taking more and in America and Australia. Perhaps most astonishing is the trend in Ireland. Roughly 1% of that country was forested when it became independent in 1922. Forests cover 11% of the land, and the government wants to push the proportion to 18% by the 2040s.
Two things are fertilising this growth. The first is the abandonment of farmland, especially in high, dry places where nothing grows terribly well. When farmers give up trying to earn a living from farming or herding trees simply move in. The second is government policy and subsidy. Throughout history, governments have protected and promoted forests for diverse reasons, ranging from the need for wooden warships to a desire to promote suburban house-building. Nowadays forests are increasingly welcome because they suck in carbon pollution from the air. The justifications change; the desire for more trees remains constant.
The greening of the West does not delight everyone. Farmers complain that land is being taken out of use by generously subsidised tree plantations. Parts of Spain and Portugal suffer from terrible forest fires. Others simply dislike the appearance of forests planted in neat rows. They will have to get used to the trees, however. The growth of Western forests seems almost as unstoppable as deforestation elsewhere.
51. What is catching environmentalists’ attention nowadays?
A) Rich countries are stripping poor ones of their resources.
B) Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.
C) Forests are eating away the fertile farmland worldwide.
D) Rich countries are doing little to address deforestation.
52. Which countries have the fastest forest growth?
A) Those that have newly achieved independence.
B) Those that at have the greatest demand for timber
C) Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.
D) Those that provide enormous government subsidies.
53. What has encouraged forest growth historically?
A) The government’s advocacy.
B) The use of wood for fuel.
C) The favorable climate.
D) The green movement.
54. What account for our increasing desire for forests?
A) Their unique scenic beauty.
B) Their use as fruit plantation.
C) Their capability of improving air quality.
D) Their stable supply of building materials.
55. What does the author conclude about the prospects of forestation?
A) Deserts in sub-Saharan Africa will diminish gradually.
B) It will play a more and more important role in people’s lives.
C) Forest destruction in the developing world will quickly slow down.
D) Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite direction.
试题解析：
51.如今引起环保主义者注意的是什么?
A)富裕国家正在掠夺贫穷国家的资源。
B)许多发展中国家的森林正在迅速减少。
C)森林正在侵蚀世界各地肥沃的农田。
D)富裕国家在解决森林砍伐问题上做得很少。
[试题类型] B细节题
[解题思路] 根据题干关键词environmentalists’ attention定位首段第一第二句，第二句表明“南美与非洲大面积森林减少”，这正是吸引环保主义者的原因。该段中提到的巴西与刚果均为发展中国家，故B选项符合题意。
52. 哪些国家的森林增长最快?
A)那些刚刚独立的国家。
B)那些木材需求量最大的国家。
C)那些过去森林覆盖率最低的国家。
D)那些提供巨额政府补贴的国家。
[试题类型] C 细节题
[解题思路] 根据题干fastest forest growth定位到第二段第1句，该句中places与主句的countries是同义替换，that引导定语从句修饰places，定语从句提到rather few trees “几乎没有树木”，即森林覆盖率很低，只有C项提到森林覆盖率，故C项正确；第二段第2句至第7句列举了西班牙、希腊、意大利、美国、澳大利亚和爱尔兰等国家曾经森林面积较少，现在增长得很快，更加佐证了这一观点。
53. 历史上是什么促进了森林面积增长?
A)政府的倡导。
B)使用木材作为燃料。
C)有利的气候。
D)绿色运动。
[试题类型] A 细节题
[解题思路] 根据题干中forest和historically定位到第三段第5句。定位句中提到governments have protected and promoted forests, 其中promoted与encourages是同义替换，可知政府保护促进了森林的面积增长，故A正确；
54. 什么导致了我们对森林日益增长的需求?
A)他们独特的风景美。
B)用作水果种植园。
C)他们改善空气质量的能力。
D)他们有稳定的建筑材料供应。
[试题类型] C 细节题
[解题思路] 根据题干信息increasing, desire和 forests定位到第三段第6句；account for “解释”，前面表原因，与定位句的because对应，because后面跟原因，故答案在because后，because后面提到they suck in carbon pollution from the air, 即“他们吸收空气中的碳污染”，可知森林可以净化空气，C项是对该原文信息的同义改写，故C项正确；
55. 关于造林的前景，作者得出了什么结论?
A)撒哈拉以南非洲的沙漠将逐渐减少。
B)它在人们的生活中扮演越来越重要的角色。
C)发展中国家的森林破坏将迅速放缓。
D)发达国家和发展中国家正朝着相反的方向发展。
[试题类型] D 主旨题
[解题思路] 第一段第3句和第4句提到But forests are also changing in rich Western countries. They are growing larger... they指代forests森林，即“但是在西部的发达国家森林的发展状况也正在改变，正在不断增长”；第二段第1句提到Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, “森林正在几乎所有的西方国家增长”；第三段提到Two things are fertilising this growth. The first... The second...; this 指代第二段森林面积的增长；第三段解释面积增长的原因；最后一段第第5句中出现however, 表转折，即否定前述内容，故转折后是重点句，最后一段第6句The growth “增长”，deforestation，de- 表“向下”，故The growth of Western forests 与 deforestation意思相反，对应选项D中的opposition direction；developed and developing countries 对应all Western countries;故D项正确；
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