翻译答案及解析：
　　汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞开大门，对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。各类艺术流派繁荣，涌现了很多文学、历史、哲学巨著。公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成，9000个字，提供释义并列举不同的写法。其间，科技方面也取得了很大进步，发明了纸张、水钟、日晷(sundials)以及测量地震的仪器。汉朝历经400年，但统治者的腐朽最终导致了它的灭亡。
　　The Han is one of the most important dynasties in Chinese history. many achievements occurred in the rule of Han. it is the dynasty when China first open its arms to other cultures, foreign trades thrived, the silk road leading to Midwest Asia and Rome was opened and different schools of art were full of life and gave birth to many literary,historic and philosophical works. in 100 AD, China's first dictionary was finished, including 9000 words with their meanings and different ways to write. meanwhile, scientific achievements also had been made, including paper making, water clocks, sundials and instruments used for predicting earthquakes.Han experienced a history of 400 years but was finished by its rulers' corruption finally.
　　2011年是中国城市化(urbanization)进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年里，预计有3.5亿农村人口将移居城市。如此规模的城市发展对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。中国政府一直提倡"以人为本"的发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。它还号召建设"资源节约和环境友好型"社会。有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就可以更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。
　　2011 is a historical moment for China's urbanization, because its urban population exceeded that in rural areas for the first time. it is predicted that 3500 million rural people will migrate to cities in the next 20 years.
　　A development of cities in such a scale may be a challenge or an opportunity to urban transportation.
　　China's government has always considered "people-oriented "as its guideline of development, encouraging taking bus rather than driving private cars(sedans). it also calls for a resources-saving and environment-friendly society, with which China's cities can get a better development planning and investment will be turned to develop a safe, clean and economical transportation system.
　　中国传统的待客之道要求饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不完。中国宴席上典型的菜单包括开席的一套凉菜及其后的热菜，例如：肉类，鸡鸭，蔬菜等。大多数宴席上，全鱼被认为是必不可少的，除非已经上过各式海鲜。如今，中国人喜欢把西方特色菜与传统中式菜肴溶于一席，因此牛排上桌也不少见。沙拉也已流行起来，尽管传统上中国人一般不吃任何未经烹饪的菜肴。宴席通常至少有一道汤，可以最先或最后上桌。甜点和水果通常标志宴席的结束。
　　Preparing a feast(banquet) with various dishes,which guests cannot finish, is a traditional way to be a good host. A typical Chinese banquet consists of cold dishes ,which served as appetizer, and hot dishes like meat, poultry and vegetable. in most banquets,a whole fish is necessary, unless other kinds of seafood have been served. now, a mix of Western specialties and traditional Chinese dishes is favored by Chinese people, so steak has been common in China. Salad has also become popular, though Chinese has no appetite for raw food traditionally. usually, at the beginning or end of a banquet one soup, at least, will be offered. dessert and fruit are regarded as the finish of banquets.