听力短文

　　Passage one

　　When facing a new situation, some people tend to rehearse their defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst. I remember talking with a young lawyer who was about to begin her first jury trial. She was very nervous. I asked what impression she wanted to make on the jury. She replied, “I don't want to look too inexperienced; I don’t want them to suspect. This is my first trial.” This lawyer had fallen victim to the “don'ts” syndrome, a form of negative goal setting. The “don'ts” can be self-fulfilling because your mind responds to pictures. Research conducted at the Stanford University shows a mental image fires the nervous system the same way as actually doing something that means when the golfer foretells himself, don't hit the ball into the water. His mind sees the image of the ball flying into the water, so guess where the ball will go, consequently before going into any stressful situation, focus only on what you want to have happen. I asked the lawyer again how she wanted to appear at her first trial, and this time she said, I want to look professional, and self-assured. I told her to create a picture of what self-assured would look like. To her it meant moving confidently around the court room, using convincing body language and projecting her voice so it could be heard from the judge's bench to the back door. S?

　　he also imagined a skillful closing argument and a winning trial. A few weeks after this positive dress rehearsal, the young lawyer did win.

　　Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　9. What do some people do when they face a new situation?

　　10. What does the research conducted at Stanford University show?

　　11. What advice does the speaker give to people in a stressful situation

　　12. What do we learn about the lawyer in the court?

　　Passage Two

　　Most Americans don't eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains. Research now says adding fiber to the teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer. Conversations about the benefits of fiber are probably more common in nursing homes than high schools. But along comes a new study that could change that. Kristi King, a die specialist at Texas Children's Hospital, finds it hard to get teenage patients’ attention about healthy eating. By telling them they are eating lots of high-fiber foods could reduce the risk of breast cancer before middle age. That’s a powerful message. The new finding is based on a study of 44,000 women. They were surveyed about their diets during high school and their eating habits were tracked for two decades. It turns out that those who consumed the highest levels of fiber during adolescents had a lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared with women who ate the least fiber. This important study demonstrates that the more fiber you eat during your high school years, the lower your risk is in developing breast cancer in later life. The finding points to longstanding evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk. The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body, and therefore, a lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. High-fiber diets are also linked to a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. That's why women are told to eat 25 grams of fiber a day—man even more.

　　Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　13. What does the new study tell about adding fiber to the teen diet?

　　14. What do we learn about the survey of the 44,000 women?

　　15. What explanation does the speaker offer for the research finding?