Section C
Passage One
主题:苏打税的实施
46. B
题意:关于费城最新通过的苏打税,文章说了什么?
信号词:newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia
回文定位:第二段第二句It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the country.其中it指代上一句中的Philadelphia’s new measure, 与题干信号词对应。
原文比对:题眼句提到,费城通过的苏打税为全国类似的举措设立了新的标准()既然设立了新的标准,那么其他的城市若有相同的行动,都将参考费城的这项措施,B项It may encourage other US cities to follow suit(它可能会鼓励美国其他城市效仿)符合题意。
47. C
题意:反对者很可能对于苏打税提案采取什么应对措施?
信号词:the opponents, respond
回文定位:第五段末句So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal actions to stop it. 其中the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax对应题干信号词the opponents,take legal actions to stop it即为他们具体采取的应对措施,是题干信号词respond的具体表现。
原文比对:题眼句提到,大多数反对费城苏打税的人会采取法律行动以组织该税的实施。C选项Take legal actions against it是原文的轻度改写。
48. D
题意:有行业支持的反税运动对苏打税提案做了什么?
信号词:the industry-backed anti-tax campaign
回文定位:第六段An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a “grocery tax”.其中An industry-backed anti-tax campaign是题干信号词的完整对应。
原文比对:原文中提到,该运动至少花费了400万美元做广告去批评苏打税提案,D选项It criticized the measure through advertising是对原文两句话的高度概括。
49. B
题意:公共卫生团体认为苏打税能做什么?
信号词:public health groups
回文定位:第七段第一句Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. 其中Public health groups是题干信号词的完整对应。
原文比对:题眼句的句意是说,有一些健康问题长期以来一直困扰着美国人,公共卫生团体称赞该税是迈向解决这些问题的一步。B选项Help people to fix certain long-time health issues是原文的轻微改写。
50. A
题意:关于其他某些城市中有关苏打税的类似举措,我们了解到什么?
信号词:similar measures, in some other cities
回文定位:最后一段第一句Similar measures in California’s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado’s Boulder are becoming hot-button issues. 其中Similar measures是题干信号词的完整对应,题干中提到了位于加州的另外四个城市,对应题干信号词some other cities。
原文比对:题眼句意为:在加州的四座城市中,类似的措施正在成为热点问题。也就是说,这些问题成为了人们普遍关注的问题,即敏感话题。A项They are becoming rather sensitive issues为原文的同义改写。
Passage Two
主题:微波炉的环保问题
51. D
题意:新研究的发现是什么?
信号词:the finding of the new study
回文定位:第一段第一句最后提到a new study has found,说明该句在像读者说明新研究的发现,词此句即为题眼句。Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe’s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found.
原文比对:题眼句提到欧洲的所有微波炉排放二氧化碳的量接近于700万辆车的二氧化碳排放量。D项The use of microwaves emits morethan people think是原文的同义改写。
52. A
题意:为什么微波炉的销售预计会增长?
信号词:the sales of microwaves, rise
回文定位:第一段第四句This is pushing sales of new microwaves which are expected
to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade. 其中pushing
sales of new microwaves是题干信号词的对应,而问题询问的是原因,文中提到:
“这”推动了微波炉的销售。换句话说,“这”就是微波炉销量会增长的原因,
所以答案来自于上一句:With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming “status”
items, owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years.
原文比对:原文提到,随着成本的降低,厨房电器成为了“现在的”物品,人们平均每八年就会扔掉一台微波炉。人们之所以能每八年就换一台微波炉,就是因为微波炉不再价格高昂,人人都能买得起,A选项They are becoming more affordable是原文的同义改写。
53. B
题意:曼彻斯特大学的研究做出了什么推荐?
信号词:recommendation, the study by the University of Manchester
回文定位:第二段首句就提到了曼彻斯特大学的研究,但是我们需要找的是该项
研究所提出的建议,即它做出的推荐,由此可以定位到该段第四句According to
the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer
awareness and behavior. 其中,should就是题干信号词recommendation的对应。
原文比对:该句意为:根据同一项研究,要想减少消耗,应该致力于提高消费者的意识和行为。也就是说,应该让消费者,即使用微波炉的人意识这个问题从而改变自己平时的使用习惯。A项Improving microwave users’ habits是原文的同义改写。
54. A
题意:David Reay教授试图争论什么?
信号词:Professor David Reay, argue
回文定位:第三段第一句However, David Reay, professor of carbon management,
argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor
compared to those form cars. 其中David Reay和argue是题干信号词的完整对应。
原文比对:该句意为:然而,二氧化碳管理学教授David Reay认为,虽然微波炉消耗大量的能力,但相比于汽车,他们的二氧化碳排放量少得多。反过来说,汽车的二氧化碳排放量远远高于微波炉,这正是A选项There are far more emissions form cars than from microwaves所表达的意思。
55. C
题意:David Reay教授如何看待微波炉的使用?
信号词:Professor David Reay, the use of microwaves
回文定位:第三段倒数第二句,Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking,
microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard
oven. 该段整段说的都是David教授的观点,而在该剧中出现了common kitchen
appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the…这是信号词theuse of microwaves
的对应。
原文比对:该句说到,在用于烹饪的普通厨房电器中,微波炉是最节能的,其次是炉子,最后是烤箱。由此可知,微波炉属于最环保的那个。而最后一句话Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing表示微波炉销量的上升应该被视为好事。也就是说David Reay对于微波炉的使用是持正面态度的。C项It plays a positive role in environmental protection是其看法的总结概括,符合原文意思。
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