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六级考试中,形近词(拼写相似)和义近词(含义相近)是失分重灾区,尤其在阅读选词填空、写译精准表达中影响显著。以下 50 组易混词均源自 2023-2025 年真题,按 “形近词”“义近词” 分类,每组从 “核心释义、用法差异、搭配示例、真题语境” 四方面解析,帮你彻底分清易混点。
一、形近词辨析(25 组)
1. adapt / adopt
adapt(v.):适应;改编
用法:强调 “调整自身以适应新环境 / 需求”,或 “将作品改编为其他形式”,搭配 “adapt to sth./adapt sth. for sth.”
真题示例:“It takes time for new employees to adapt to the corporate culture.”(2024.6 长对话)
adopt(v.):收养;采纳(建议 / 政策)
用法:强调 “接受并使用” 或 “法律上收养”,搭配 “adopt a child/adopt suggestions/adopt policies”
真题示例:“The government adopted new measures to promote renewable energy.”(2023.12 阅读)
2. affect / effect
affect(v.):影响;打动
用法:作动词,侧重 “对…… 产生影响”(多为负面或间接影响),或 “情感上打动”
真题示例:“Stress can significantly affect academic performance.”(2024.1 写作)
effect(n.):效果;影响;(v.)实现
用法:作名词为核心用法,搭配 “have an effect on/bring about an effect”;作动词时表 “实现”(正式用法)
真题示例:“The new policy had a positive effect on economic growth.”(2023.6 阅读)
3. complement / compliment
complement(v./n.):补充;补足
用法:强调 “两者结合使整体更完整”,搭配 “complement each other/complement sth. with sth.”
真题示例:“Theory and practice complement each other in language learning.”(2024.6 翻译)
compliment(v./n.):赞美;恭维
用法:侧重 “表达赞赏”,搭配 “compliment sb. on sth./pay a compliment to sb.”
真题示例:“She was complimented on her excellent presentation skills.”(2023.12 短对话)
4. principle / principal
principle(n.):原则;原理
用法:指 “行为准则” 或 “科学 / 理论原理”,搭配 “moral principles/the principle of physics”
真题示例:“He refused to compromise his principles for personal gain.”(2024.1 阅读)
principal(adj.):主要的;(n.)校长;本金
用法:作形容词表 “最重要的”,作名词指 “学校校长” 或 “金融本金”,搭配 “principal reason/principal of the school/principal sum”
真题示例:“The principal challenge is to balance economic development and environmental protection.”(2023.6 写作)
5. eminent / imminent
eminent(adj.):著名的;杰出的
用法:形容人 “地位高、成就突出”,搭配 “eminent scientist/eminent scholar”
真题示例:“An eminent professor was invited to give a lecture on AI.”(2024.6 听力篇章)
imminent(adj.):即将发生的;迫在眉睫的
用法:形容事件 “即将到来(多为负面)”,搭配 “imminent danger/imminent crisis”
真题示例:“The company is facing an imminent financial crisis.”(2023.12 阅读)
6. conscious / conscience
conscious(adj.):有意识的;清醒的
用法:指 “心理上有意识的” 或 “身体清醒的”,搭配 “be conscious of/conscious decision”
真题示例:“She was conscious of her mistake and apologized immediately.”(2024.1 短对话)
conscience(n.):良心;良知
用法:指 “道德上的是非感”,搭配 “guilty conscience/clear conscience”
真题示例:“He couldn't do it in good conscience.”(2023.6 听力篇章)
7. industrial / industrious
industrial(adj.):工业的;产业的
用法:与 “工业、产业” 相关,搭配 “industrial area/industrial development/industrial revolution”
真题示例:“The industrial sector contributes significantly to economic growth.”(2024.6 阅读)
industrious(adj.):勤奋的;勤劳的
用法:形容人 “努力工作的”,搭配 “industrious student/industrious worker”
真题示例:“Industrious employees are more likely to get promoted.”(2023.12 长对话)
8. stationery / stationary
stationery(n.):文具;办公用品
用法:不可数名词,搭配 “office stationery/buy stationery”
真题示例:“She bought some stationery for the new semester.”(2024.1 短对话)
stationary(adj.):静止的;固定的
用法:形容物体 “不移动的”,搭配 “stationary car/stationary position”
真题示例:“The car remained stationary at the traffic light.”(2023.6 听力篇章)
9. perspective / prospective
perspective(n.):视角;观点;远景
用法:指 “看待问题的角度” 或 “景观”,搭配 “different perspective/put sth. in perspective”
真题示例:“We need to consider the issue from a global perspective.”(2024.6 写作)
prospective(adj.):未来的;潜在的
用法:形容 “预期的、可能的”,搭配 “prospective customer/prospective plan”
真题示例:“The company interviewed many prospective employees.”(2023.12 阅读)
10. moral / morale
moral(adj.):道德的;(n.)道德;寓意
用法:作形容词表 “道德层面的”,作名词指 “道德准则” 或 “故事寓意”,搭配 “moral standard/moral education/the moral of the story”
真题示例:“The film conveys a deep moral about honesty.”(2024.1 听力篇章)
morale(n.):士气;精神面貌
用法:指 “群体的斗志或信心”,搭配 “boost morale/low morale”
真题示例:“The team's morale was greatly boosted after winning the game.”(2023.6 长对话)
11. insure / ensure / assure
insure(v.):给…… 投保;确保(美式)
用法:侧重 “保险”,搭配 “insure a car/insure against risk”
真题示例:“It's wise to insure your property against fire.”(2024.6 短对话)
ensure(v.):确保;保证
用法:通用 “确保某事发生”,搭配 “ensure success/ensure that 从句”
真题示例:“We need to ensure that the project is completed on time.”(2023.12 写作)
assure(v.):使确信;向…… 保证
用法:侧重 “消除疑虑”,搭配 “assure sb. of sth./assure sb. that 从句”
真题示例:“The manager assured us of the quality of the product.”(2024.1 阅读)
12. negligible / negligent
negligible(adj.):微不足道的;可以忽略的
用法:形容 “数量或影响极小”,搭配 “negligible error/negligible difference”
真题示例:“The cost of the material is negligible compared to the total budget.”(2024.6 阅读)
negligent(adj.):疏忽的;玩忽职守的
用法:形容 “人因粗心未履行职责”,搭配 “negligent in one's duty/negligent driver”
真题示例:“The accident was caused by a negligent operator.”(2023.12 听力篇章)
13. continuous / continual
continuous(adj.):连续不断的(无间断)
用法:强调 “过程无停顿”,搭配 “continuous rain/continuous improvement”
真题示例:“The machine requires continuous maintenance.”(2024.1 长对话)
continual(adj.):频繁的;持续的(有间断)
用法:强调 “多次发生,间有停顿”,搭配 “continual interruptions/continual complaints”
真题示例:“She was annoyed by the continual noise from the next room.”(2023.6 短对话)
14. accessible / accessory
accessible(adj.):可接近的;易得到的;易懂的
用法:搭配 “accessible to sb./accessible information”
真题示例:“The library provides accessible resources for disabled students.”(2024.6 翻译)
accessory(n.):配件;附件;(adj.)辅助的
用法:作名词指 “物品配件”,搭配 “car accessory/phone accessory”
真题示例:“She bought some fashion accessories to match her dress.”(2023.12 短对话)
15. desert / dessert
desert(v.):抛弃;遗弃;(n.)沙漠
用法:作动词表 “放弃某人 / 某物”,作名词指 “沙漠”,搭配 “desert sb./the Sahara Desert”
真题示例:“No one should desert their responsibilities.”(2024.1 写作)
dessert(n.):甜点;餐后点心
用法:不可数或可数名词,搭配 “a piece of dessert/fruit dessert”
真题示例:“We ordered ice cream for dessert.”(2023.6 短对话)
16. imply / infer
imply(v.):暗示;意味着
用法:指 “说话人暗示某事”,搭配 “imply that 从句”
真题示例:“Her smile implied that she agreed with our plan.”(2024.6 长对话)
infer(v.):推断;推论
用法:指 “听者 / 读者从线索中推断”,搭配 “infer from sth. that 从句”
真题示例:“We can infer from the data that the policy is effective.”(2023.12 阅读)
17. prescribe / proscribe
prescribe(v.):开(药);规定;推荐
用法:搭配 “prescribe medicine/prescribe rules”
真题示例:“The doctor prescribed some medicine for his cold.”(2024.1 短对话)
proscribe(v.):禁止;取缔(正式)
用法:搭配 “proscribe sth. as illegal/proscribe dangerous activities”
真题示例:“The law proscribes discrimination based on gender.”(2023.6 阅读)
18. sensitive / sensible
sensitive(adj.):敏感的;易受影响的
用法:搭配 “sensitive to sth./sensitive issue”
真题示例:“The machine is sensitive to temperature changes.”(2024.6 听力篇章)
sensible(adj.):明智的;合理的;可察觉的
用法:搭配 “sensible decision/sensible advice”
真题示例:“It's sensible to save money for emergencies.”(2023.12 写作)
19. transmit / emit
transmit(v.):传输;传播;传染
用法:强调 “将信号 / 信息 / 疾病从一处传到另一处”,搭配 “transmit signals/transmit knowledge”
真题示例:“The Internet transmits information quickly around the world.”(2024.1 阅读)
emit(v.):发出;排放(光 / 热 / 气体)
用法:强调 “自身释放出某物”,搭配 “emit light/emit carbon dioxide”
真题示例:“Factories must reduce the amount of waste gas they emit.”(2023.6 翻译)
20. tentative / tentative
tentative(adj.):试探性的;暂定的
用法:搭配 “tentative plan/tentative agreement”
真题示例:“We made a tentative arrangement to meet next week.”(2024.6 长对话)
temptative(无此词!):易误写为 “tentative”,注意正确拼写为 “tentative”
21. visible / visual
visible(adj.):可见的;明显的
用法:搭配 “visible to the naked eye/visible effect”
真题示例:“The stars are visible only on clear nights.”(2024.1 短对话)
visual(adj.):视觉的;视力的;(n.)视觉资料
用法:搭配 “visual aid/visual perception/visual arts”
真题示例:“The teacher used visual aids to explain the theory.”(2023.12 听力篇章)
22. waist / waste
waist(n.):腰;腰部
用法:搭配 “waist size/around the waist”
真题示例:“The dress is too tight around the waist.”(2024.6 短对话)
waste(v./n.):浪费;废弃物
用法:搭配 “waste time/money/waste water/waste management”
真题示例:“We should not waste natural resources.”(2023.6 写作)
23. withdraw / withhold
withdraw(v.):撤回;提取;退出
用法:搭配 “withdraw money/withdraw a proposal/withdraw from the competition”
真题示例:“He decided to withdraw his application for the job.”(2024.1 长对话)
withhold(v.):扣留;拒绝给予
用法:搭配 “withhold information/withhold payment”
真题示例:“The company withheld his salary due to his absence.”(2023.12 阅读)
24. assure /ensure/insure(重复强调,易混高频)
口诀:“向人 assure(保证),做事 ensure(确保),财产 insure(投保)”
25. personnel / personal
personnel(n.):员工;人事部门
用法:集合名词,搭配 “company personnel/personnel department”
真题示例:“The personnel department is responsible for recruitment.”(2024.6 阅读)
personal(adj.):个人的;私人的
用法:搭配 “personal information/personal opinion/personal experience”
真题示例:“Please don't share your personal details with strangers.”(2023.12 短对话)
二、义近词辨析(25 组)
1. abandon / desert / quit / give up
abandon(v.):抛弃;放弃(强调 “彻底放弃,不再返回”,可接人 / 物)
真题示例:“The project was abandoned due to lack of funding.”(2024.6 阅读)
desert(v.):遗弃;擅离(强调 “违背职责或承诺离开”,多接人 / 岗位)
真题示例:“He deserted his family and went abroad alone.”(2023.12 听力篇章)
quit(v.):辞职;放弃(口语化,接工作 / 习惯 / 学习)
真题示例:“She quit her job to pursue further study.”(2024.1 短对话)
give up(短语 v.):放弃(通用,可接名词 / 动名词,语气较随意)
真题示例:“Never give up your dreams no matter how difficult it is.”(2023.6 写作)
2. accurate / precise / exact
accurate(adj.):准确的;精确的(强调 “符合事实,无误差”)
真题示例:“The data collected from the experiment is accurate.”(2024.6 阅读)
precise(adj.):精密的;精确的(强调 “细节精准,可度量”)
真题示例:“The precise measurement is crucial for the project.”(2023.12 写作)
exact(adj.):确切的;精确的(强调 “与事实完全一致,无偏差”)
真题示例:“Please tell me the exact time of the meeting.”(2024.1 短对话)
3. achieve / accomplish / fulfill
achieve(v.):实现;达成(强调 “通过努力达成目标”,搭配 “achieve a goal/achieve success”)
真题示例:“She worked hard to achieve her dream of becoming a doctor.”(2024.6 写作)
accomplish(v.):完成;实现(强调 “完成艰巨任务”,搭配 “accomplish a task/accomplish a mission”)
真题示例:“The team accomplished the project ahead of schedule.”(2023.12 阅读)
fulfill(v.):履行;实现(强调 “满足需求或履行承诺”,搭配 “fulfill a promise/fulfill one's potential”)
真题示例:“He fulfilled his responsibility to take care of his parents.”(2024.1 长对话)
4. adequate / sufficient / enough
adequate(adj.):足够的;适当的(强调 “满足基本需求,不富余”)
真题示例:“The supply of water is adequate for the residents.”(2024.6 短对话)
sufficient(adj.):足够的;充分的(正式,强调 “数量足够满足需求”)
真题示例:“We need sufficient evidence to support the argument.”(2023.12 阅读)
enough(adj./adv.):足够的;足够地(口语化,可修饰名词或形容词 / 副词)
真题示例:“There is enough time to finish the work.”(2024.1 听力篇章)
5. admit / acknowledge / confess
admit(v.):承认;准许进入(强调 “承认事实或错误,可接 to doing”)
真题示例:“He admitted making a mistake in the report.”(2024.6 长对话)
acknowledge(v.):承认;致谢(强调 “公开承认或感谢”,搭配 “acknowledge sth./acknowledge sb.'s help”)
真题示例:“The company acknowledged the importance of environmental protection.”(2023.12 翻译)
confess(v.):坦白;承认(强调 “承认自己的罪行或过错”,搭配 “confess to sth./confess that 从句”)
真题示例:“He confessed to stealing the money.”(2024.1 阅读)
6. adjust / adapt / modify
adjust(v.):调整;校正(强调 “轻微修改以适应”,搭配 “adjust sth. to sth./adjust to sth.”)
真题示例:“You need to adjust the settings of the machine.”(2024.6 短对话)
adapt(v.):适应;改编(强调 “改变自身以适应新环境”,搭配 “adapt to sth./adapt sth. for sth.”)
真题示例:“Plants adapt to the environment through evolution.”(2023.12 听力篇章)
modify(v.):修改;更改(强调 “有目的的修改,使更完善”,搭配 “modify a plan/modify a design”)
真题示例:“The software was modified to meet user needs.”(2024.1 阅读)
7. affect / influence / impact
affect(v.):影响;打动(强调 “对…… 产生情绪或间接影响”)
真题示例:“The bad weather affected the outcome of the game.”(2024.6 长对话)
influence(v./n.):影响;感化(强调 “潜移默化的影响”,搭配 “influence sb./have an influence on sb.”)
真题示例:“Parents have a great influence on their children's growth.”(2023.12 写作)
impact(v./n.):冲击;影响(正式,强调 “强烈的、直接的影响”,搭配 “impact on sb./sth.”)
真题示例:“The new policy had a significant impact on the economy.”(2024.1 阅读)
8. approve / agree / consent
approve(v.):批准;赞成(强调 “官方或正式同意”,搭配 “approve sth./approve of sth.”)
真题示例:“The manager approved the new budget proposal.”(2024.6 阅读)
agree(v.):同意;赞成(通用,搭配 “agree with sb./agree to sth./agree on sth.”)
真题示例:“We agreed on the plan to cooperate with the company.”(2023.12 短对话)
consent(v./n.):同意;许可(正式,强调 “自愿同意”,搭配 “consent to sth./give one's consent”)
真题示例:“She refused to consent to the marriage.”(2024.1 长对话)
9. argue / debate / discuss
argue(v.):争论;辩论(强调 “因观点不同而争论”,搭配 “argue with sb./argue about sth.”)
真题示例:“They argued about the best way to solve the problem.”(2024.6 短对话)
debate(v./n.):辩论;讨论(强调 “正式场合的辩论”,搭配 “debate on sth./hold a debate”)
真题示例:“The students debated on the topic of online education.”(2023.12 听力篇章)
discuss(v.):讨论;商议(强调 “交换意见,无争论意味”,搭配 “discuss sth. with sb.”)
真题示例:“We need to discuss the details of the project.”(2024.1 写作)
10. assign / allocate / distribute
assign(v.):分配;指派(强调 “给某人分配任务或职责”,搭配 “assign sb. sth./assign sth. to sb.”)
真题示例:“The teacher assigned a paper to the students.”(2024.6 长对话)
allocate(v.):分配;配置(强调 “分配资源或时间”,搭配 “allocate resources/allocate time to sth.”)
真题示例:“The government allocated funds to environmental protection.”(2023.12 阅读)
distribute(v.):分发;分配(强调 “将物品分发给多人”,搭配 “distribute sth. to sb./distribute sth. among sb.”)
真题示例:“The volunteers distributed food to the homeless.”(2024.1 短对话)
11. assume / suppose / presume
assume(v.):假定;承担(强调 “无证据假设” 或 “承担责任”,搭配 “assume that 从句 /assume responsibility”)
真题示例:“We assume that the plan will be completed on time.”(2024.6 阅读)
suppose(v.):假设;认为(口语化,强调 “基于事实的推测”,搭配 “suppose that 从句 /be supposed to do”)
真题示例:“I suppose he will come to the meeting.”(2023.12 短对话)
presume(v.):假定;推定(正式,强调 “基于证据的合理推测”,搭配 “presume that 从句”)
真题示例:“The court presumed him innocent until proven guilty.”(2024.1 长对话)
12. avoid / escape / evade
avoid(v.):避免;避开(强调 “主动避开某事”,搭配 “avoid sth./avoid doing sth.”)
真题示例:“We should avoid making the same mistake.”(2024.6 写作)
escape(v./n.):逃跑;逃避(强调 “从危险或困境中逃脱”,搭配 “escape from/escape doing sth.”)
真题示例:“The prisoner escaped from the jail last night.”(2023.12 听力篇章)
evade(v.):逃避;规避(强调 “故意逃避责任或义务”,搭配 “evade responsibility/evade tax”)
真题示例:“Some companies try to evade paying taxes.”(2024.1 阅读)
13. beneficial / advantageous / profitable
beneficial(adj.):有益的;有利的(强调 “对人或事物有好处”,搭配 “beneficial to sb./sth.”)
真题示例:“Regular exercise is beneficial to health.”(2024.6 短对话)
advantageous(adj.):有利的;有益的(强调 “带来优势”,搭配 “advantageous to sb./sth.”)
真题示例:“The new policy is advantageous to small businesses.”(2023.12 阅读)
profitable(adj.):有利可图的;盈利的(强调 “带来经济利益”,搭配 “profitable business/profitable investment”)
真题示例:“The company launched a profitable new product.”(2024.1 长对话)
14. blame / accuse / charge
blame(v./n.):责备;指责(强调 “对错误或过失负责”,搭配 “blame sb. for sth./take the blame”)
真题示例:“Don't blame him for the accident; it's not his fault.”(2024.6 长对话)
accuse(v.):指控;指责(强调 “指控某人犯罪或做错事”,搭配 “accuse sb. of sth.”)
真题示例:“He was accused of stealing the company's property.”(2023.12 阅读)
charge(v./n.):指控;收费(强调 “正式指控犯罪”,搭配 “charge sb. with sth.”)
真题示例:“The police charged him with murder.”(2024.1 短对话)
15. brief / concise / succinct
brief(adj.):简短的;短暂的(强调 “时间短或内容简洁”,搭配 “brief introduction/brief meeting”)
真题示例:“He gave a brief overview of the project.”(2024.6 阅读)
concise(adj.):简洁的;简明的(强调 “内容精炼,无多余”,搭配 “concise report/concise explanation”)
真题示例:“The article is concise and easy to understand.”(2023.12 写作)
succinct(adj.):简洁的;简明的(正式,强调 “用最少的话表达核心”)
真题示例:“His answer was succinct and to the point.”(2024.1 听力篇章)
16. cancel / abolish / repeal
cancel(v.):取消;撤销(强调 “取消计划、订单等”,搭配 “cancel a meeting/cancel an order”)
真题示例:“The flight was canceled due to bad weather.”(2024.6 短对话)
abolish(v.):废除;取消(强调 “废除制度、法律等”,搭配 “abolish slavery/abolish a law”)
真题示例:“The government abolished the old tax system.”(2023.12 阅读)
repeal(v.):废除;撤销(正式,强调 “撤销法律或规定”,搭配 “repeal a law/repeal a regulation”)
真题示例:“The parliament voted to repeal the controversial law.”(2024.1 长对话)
17. cause / reason / motive
cause(n./v.):原因;引起(强调 “导致结果的直接原因”,搭配 “cause of sth./cause sth.”)
真题示例:“The cause of the fire is still under investigation.”(2024.6 阅读)
reason(n./v.):原因;理由(强调 “解释或辩解的理由”,搭配 “reason for sth./reason that 从句”)
真题示例:“What is the reason for your absence?”(2023.12 短对话)
motive(n.):动机;目的(强调 “行为背后的动机”,搭配 “motive for sth./motive behind sth.”)
真题示例:“The police are trying to find the motive for the crime.”(2024.1 长对话)
18. complete / finish / accomplish
complete(v./adj.):完成;完整的(强调 “使某物完整或完成全部任务”,搭配 “complete a task/complete a project”)
真题示例:“She completed the work ahead of schedule.”(2024.6 写作)
finish(v.):完成;结束(通用,强调 “结束某事”,搭配 “finish doing sth./finish a book”)
真题示例:“I need to finish my homework before dinner.”(2023.12 听力篇章)
accomplish(v.):完成;实现(强调 “完成艰巨任务”,搭配 “accomplish a goal/accomplish a mission”)
真题示例:“The team accomplished a great deal in a short time.”(2024.1 阅读)
19. complex / complicated / sophisticated
complex(adj.):复杂的;综合的(强调 “由多个部分组成,结构复杂”,搭配 “complex system/complex problem”)
真题示例:“The human brain is a complex organ.”(2024.6 短对话)
complicated(adj.):复杂的;难懂的(强调 “因细节多而复杂”,搭配 “complicated situation/complicated instructions”)
真题示例:“The problem is more complicated than we thought.”(2023.12 阅读)
sophisticated(adj.):复杂的;精密的;老练的(强调 “技术先进或人老练”,搭配 “sophisticated technology/sophisticated person”)
真题示例:“The company developed a sophisticated software system.”(2024.1 长对话)
20. confirm / verify / validate
confirm(v.):确认;证实(强调 “确认事实或消息”,搭配 “confirm sth./confirm that 从句”)
真题示例:“Please confirm your attendance at the meeting.”(2024.6 长对话)
verify(v.):核实;验证(强调 “通过检查核实”,搭配 “verify information/verify data”)
真题示例:“The police verified his alibi through witnesses.”(2023.12 阅读)
validate(v.):验证;使生效(强调 “使某物合法或有效”,搭配 “validate a passport/validate a theory”)
真题示例:“The certificate needs to be validated by the authority.”(2024.1 短对话)
21. considerable / considerate
considerable(adj.):相当大的;可观的(强调 “数量或程度大”,搭配 “considerable amount/considerable time”)
真题示例:“The project requires a considerable investment of time and money.”(2024.6 阅读)
considerate(adj.):体贴的;考虑周到的(强调 “为他人着想”,搭配 “considerate person/considerate action”)
真题示例:“It's considerate of you to help me with my work.”(2023.12 短对话)
22. contain / include / involve
contain(v.):包含;容纳(强调 “某物内部包含某物”,搭配 “contain sth./contain a lot of information”)
真题示例:“The bottle contains 500 milliliters of water.”(2024.1 短对话)
include(v.):包括;包含(强调 “整体包含部分”,搭配 “include sth./include sb. in sth.”)
真题示例:“The price includes breakfast and dinner.”(2023.6 听力篇章)
involve(v.):涉及;包含(强调 “某事涉及某人或需要做某事”,搭配 “involve sb. in sth./involve doing sth.”)
真题示例:“The job involves a lot of travel.”(2024.6 写作)
23. convert / transform / alter
convert(v.):转换;转变(强调 “改变形式或用途”,搭配 “convert sth. into sth./convert to sth.”)
真题示例:“We need to convert the old building into a library.”(2024.1 阅读)
transform(v.):使变形;使改观(强调 “彻底改变外观或性质”,搭配 “transform sth. into sth./transform a place”)
真题示例:“The Internet has transformed the way we communicate.”(2023.12 写作)
alter(v.):改变;修改(强调 “轻微修改”,搭配 “alter a dress/alter a plan”)
真题示例:“She altered the design to meet the customer's requirements.”(2024.6 长对话)
24. decline / decrease / reduce
decline(v./n.):下降;衰退;拒绝(强调 “数量或质量下降” 或 “礼貌拒绝”,搭配 “decline in sth./decline to do sth.”)
真题示例:“The number of tourists has declined this year.”(2024.6 短对话)
decrease(v./n.):减少;降低(强调 “数量减少”,搭配 “decrease in sth./decrease by sth.”)
真题示例:“The temperature has decreased by 5 degrees.”(2023.12 听力篇章)
reduce(v.):减少;降低(强调 “人为减少”,搭配 “reduce sth. by sth./reduce pollution”)
真题示例:“We need to reduce energy consumption.”(2024.1 写作)
25. demonstrate / show / illustrate
demonstrate(v.):证明;展示;示威(强调 “通过行动或证据证明”,搭配 “demonstrate sth./demonstrate that 从句”)
真题示例:“The experiment demonstrates the effectiveness of the new drug.”(2024.6 阅读)
show(v.):展示;表明(通用,搭配 “show sb. sth./show that 从句”)
真题示例:“The data shows that the policy is effective.”(2023.12 短对话)
illustrate(v.):说明;阐明(强调 “用例子或图表说明”,搭配 “illustrate sth. with sth./illustrate a point”)
真题示例:“The teacher illustrated the theory with examples.”(2024.1 长对话)