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　　【真题】

　　Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

　　Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

　　中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者预期他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。

　　【译文】The full name of ethnic Han in China consists of a surname and a given name. The characteristic of Chinese names is that the surname always comes first, followed by the given name. For thousands of years, the father’s surname has been passed down from generation to generation. Today, however, it is not uncommon for a child to take his/her mother’s surname. Generally speaking, there are one or two Chinese characters in the given name, which usually carries the parents’ wishes for the child. From a child’s name, it can be inferred what kind of person the parents want the child to be, or what kind of life they expect he/she lives. Parents attach great importance to naming their children because names often accompany the children for life.

　　(1)中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。

　　【解析】考查简单句，用consist of作谓语动词。汉族人：ethnic Han/the Han people;姓：surname/family name/last name;名：given name, first name。

　　【参考答案】The full name of ethnic Han in China consists of a surname and a given name.

　　(2)中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。

　　【解析】考查表语从句，“是”后面的部分用that引导的表语从句引出。特点：characteristic;跟：follow。

　　【参考答案】The characteristic of Chinese names is that the surname always comes first, followed by the given name.

　　(3)千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。

　　【解析】考查被动语态和现在完成时态，注意谓语动词的形态变化。千百年：thousands of years;世代：from generation to generation。

　　【参考答案】For thousands of years, the father’s surname has been passed down from generation to generation.

　　(4)然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。

　　【解析】考查形式主语，用it is adj. for sb. to do sth.的结构处理。跟：adopt, take;罕见：uncommon。

　　【参考答案】Today, however, it is not uncommon for a child to take his/her mother’s surname.

　　(5)一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。

　　【解析】考查存现句，“有”可以处理成there be结构。考查定语从句，为了使句子连贯，将“通常承载父母对孩子的愿望”用定语从句来翻译。考查后置定语，“对孩子的”可以用介词短语for the child作后置定语来翻译。汉字：Chinese characters;承载carry;愿望：wish。

　　【参考答案】Generally speaking, there are one or two Chinese characters in the given name, which usually carries the parents’ wishes for the child.

　　(6)从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者预期他们过什么样的生活。

　　【解析】考查无主句的翻译，可以处理成被动语态或者添加主语we。考查主语从句，可以用what引导的名词性从句处理，what kind of person the parents want the child to be以及what kind of life they expect he/she lives，因为主语过长可以把这两个主语放置句尾，同时前面添加形式主语it。

　　【参考答案】From a child’s name, it can be inferred what kind of person the parents want the child to be, or what kind of life they expect he/she lives.

　　(7)父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。

　　【解析】考查原因状语从句，可以用because names often accompany the children for life。重视：attach great importance to/put a high value on;取名：naming;伴随：accompany。

　　【参考答案】Parents attach great importance to naming their children because names often accompany the children for life.

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