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　　2020年7月六级第一套翻译解析

　　新东方南京学校 王玲燕

　　【试题】

　　《三国演义》写于14世纪，是中国著名的历史小说。这部小说以三国时期的历史为基础，描述了从二世纪下半叶到三世纪下半叶蜀魏吴之间的战争。小说描写了近千个人物和无数历史事件。虽然这些人物和事件大多是基于真实的历史，但它们都不同程度地被浪漫化和戏剧化了。《三国演义》是公认的文学名著。自出版以来，这部小说吸引了一代又一代的读者，对中国文化产生了广泛而持久的影响。

　　【译文】

　　Written in the 14th century, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a remarkable historical novel in China. Based on the history of the three kingdoms, the novel describes the wars among Wei, Shu and Wu from the second half of the second century to the second half of the third century, with the depiction of nearly a thousand characters and numerous historical events. Despite the fact that most of these characters and events are based on real history, they are romanticized and dramatized to a large degree. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is universally recognized as a literary masterpiece. Since its publication, the novel has attracted readers from generation to generation with a wide and lasting effect on Chinese culture.

　　【解析】

　　①《三国演义》写于14世纪，是中国著名的历史小说。

　　第一句主干谓语动词选择后半句的“是”，译成主系表结构;前半句“写于”用作非谓语动词描述主语，用过去分词翻译。词汇部分：三国演义 The Romance of the Three Kingdoms

　　Written in the 14th century, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a remarkable historical novel in China.

　　②这部小说以三国时期的历史为基础，描述了从二世纪下半叶到三世纪下半叶蜀魏吴之间的战争。

　　第二句主干谓语动词是“描述”，译成主谓宾结构;前半句“以……为基础”用于描述小说的概况，用非谓语动词翻译，依旧表示被动，用过去分词翻译。词汇部分：二世纪下半叶 second half of the second century;描述 describe/depict

　　Based on the history of the three kingdoms, the novel describes the wars among Wei, Shu and Wu from the second half of the second century to the second half of the third century.

　　③小说描写了近千个人物和无数历史事件。

　　第三句可用两种方式翻译，一种用被动形式;另一种作为小说的内容描述状态，用with结构表示一种伴随。词汇部分：无数 numerous/countless

　　Nearly a thousand characters and numerous historical events are depicted in this novel.

　　...with the depiction of nearly a thousand characters and numerous historical events

　　④虽然这些人物和事件大多是基于真实的历史，但它们都不同程度地被浪漫化和戏剧化了。第四句考查让步状语从句，两句谓语动词分别是“基于”和“被浪漫化和戏剧化”，注意后半句要采用被动形式译出。词汇部分：虽然 though/although/despite/in spite of;浪漫化 romanticize;戏剧化 dramatize

　　Despite the fact that most of these characters and events are based on real history, they are romanticized and dramatized to a large degree.

　　⑤《三国演义》是公认的文学名著。

　　第五句谓语动词“公认”，用被动译出。词汇部分：文学名著 literary masterpiece/work

　　The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is universally recognized as a literary masterpiece.

　　⑥自出版以来，这部小说吸引了一代又一代的读者，对中国文化产生了广泛而持久的影响。

　　第六句考查since引导的时间状语，主语“吸引”要用现在完成时译出;“产生”表示一种结果，可以用非谓语动词或介词结构翻译。词汇部分：一代又一代 generation to generation

　　Since its publication, the novel has attracted readers from generation to generation with a wide and lasting effect on Chinese culture.

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