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　　【试题】

　　《三国演义》写于14世纪，是中国著名的历史小说。这部小说以三国时期的历史为基础，描述了从二世纪下半叶到三世纪下半叶魏蜀吴之间的战争。小说描写了近千个人物和无数的历史事件。虽然这些人物和时间大多是基于真实的历史，但它们都不同程度地被浪漫化和戏剧化了。《三国演义》是公认的文学名著。自出版以来，这部小说吸引了一代又一代的读者，对中国文化产生了广泛而持久的影响。

　　【译文】

　　Written in the 14th century, based on the history of the three kingdoms period, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a well-known historical novel in China, which describes the wars among the three kingdoms — Wei, Shu and Wu from the second half of the 2nd century to the second half of the 3rd century. The novel depicts nearly one thousand figures and numerous historical events. While most of them are basically the reflection of the real history, but they are all romanticized and dramatized to varying degrees. As a well-recognized literary masterpiece, the novel has attracted readers from generation to generation and exerted widespread and everlasting impact on Chinese culture since its publication.

　　【解析】

　　①《三国演义》写于14世纪，是中国著名的历史小说。

　　第一句句式为“A是B”的结构，对应主系表，顺句翻译即可，剩余的“写于14世纪”可译为非谓语结构。难点为书名翻译，《三国演义》译为the Romance of the Three Kingdoms。

　　Written in the 14th century, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a well-known historical novel in China.

　　②这部小说以三国时期的历史为基础，描述了从二世纪下半叶到三世纪下半叶魏蜀吴之间的战争。

　　第二句的两个小分句的主语和第一句主语一致，考虑可以分别写为非谓语和定语从句的形式分布在句子前后。“以……为基础”可译为be based on或on the basis of;“下半叶”译为the second half。

　　...based on the history of the three kingdoms period...which describes the wars among the three kingdoms — Wei, Shu and Wu from the second half of the 2nd century to the second half of the 3rd century.

　　③小说描写了近千个人物和无数的历史事件。

　　第三句句式简单，可对应主谓宾结构，顺句翻译即可。

　　The novel depicts nearly one thousand figures and numerous historical events.

　　④虽然这些人物和时间大多是基于真实的历史，但它们都不同程度地被浪漫化和戏剧化了。

　　第四句句式为“虽然……但是……”，注意连词翻译一个即可。“基于”可译为be based on或on the basis of，注意和第二句中的表达建议不要重复使用，或者也可意译为the reflection of...;“不同程度地”可译为to varying degrees或more or less。

　　the novel depicts nearly one thousand figures and numerous historical events. While most of them are basically the reflection of the real history, but they are all romanticized and dramatized to varying degrees.

　　⑤⑥《三国演义》是公认的文学名著。自出版以来，这部小说吸引了一代又一代的读者，对中国文化产生了广泛而持久的影响。

　　第五句和第六句同样主语相同，因此也可以结合翻译。第五句较短，可译为介词短语的形式置于句首as a well-recognized literary masterpiece;第六句最后两个小分句可写为并列句，最后加上时间状从“自出版以来”。

　　As a well-recognized literary masterpiece, the novel has attracted readers from generation to generation and exerted widespread and everlasting impact on Chinese culture since its publication.

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