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第一篇
乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅馆和餐馆。在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化，是一座展现古文明的博物馆。乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造。数百年来，当地人沿着河边建立起了住宅和集市。无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现。
分句解析
第一句：乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。
本句第一个分句是系表结构，可以将第一个分句拆解成同位语的结构，第二个分句选作主句，两个分句缩成一个简单句，只用一个谓语动词。
Wuzhen, an ancient water town in Zhejiang Province, is on the banks of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.
第二句：这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅馆和餐馆。
第二个分句是“有…”的句式，可以用with结构来翻译。
It is a charming place, with many ancient bridges, Chinese style hotels and restaurants.
第三句：在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化，是一座展现古文明的博物馆。
第一个汉语分句翻译成时间状语，第二个汉语分句要找到真正的主语，是“水系”和“生活方式”，第三个汉语分句是一个系表结构，所以后两个分句翻译成并列句。同时本句需要注意时态问题，第一个并列分句有过去时间点，所以用一般过去时，后一个分句是客观描述，用一般现在时。
In the past one thousand years, the water system and life style there haven’t changed much, thus creating a museum which displays ancient civilization.
第四句：乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造。
本句其实就是“乌镇所有房屋都是用石头和木头建造的”，汉语中“是…的”的判断句要翻译成被动语态。
All the houses in Wuzhen are made of stone and wood.
第五句：数百年来，当地人沿着河边建立起了住宅和集市。
本句注意时态，用现在完成时。当地人可翻译成 the locals 或 the local people
Over hundreds of years, the local people have built houses and markets along the river.
第六句：无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现。
注意前后两个分句的逻辑关系，第二个分句中游客“惊喜”是因为发现了美丽的庭院，所以这些惊喜是由庭院带来的，因此第一个分句可以翻译成状语，第二个分句是主体句。
Tourists will be surprised by numerous spacious and well-built courtyards among the houses everywhere they go.
参考译文：
Wuzhen, an ancient water town in Zhejiang Province, is on the banks of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is a charming place, with many ancient bridges, Chinese style hotels and restaurants. In the past one thousand years, the water system and life style there haven’t changed much, thus creating a museum which displays ancient civilization. All the houses in Wuzhen are made of stone and wood. Over hundreds of years, the local people have built houses and markets along the river. Tourists will be surprised by numerous spacious and well-built courtyards among the houses everywhere they go.
第二篇
在山东省潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志。潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名，已有将近2400年放飞风筝的历史。传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了。也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的。据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作，飞了三天后才落地。
分句解析
第一句：在山东省潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志。
第一个分句是地点状语，后两个分句都是系表结构，并列关系，可以翻译成两个并列分句。
In Weifang City, Shandong Province, the kite is not only a kind of toy, but also a symbol for the culture of the city.
第二句：潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名，已有将近2400年放飞风筝的历史。
第一个分句，“以…闻名”be known as, 第二个分句表示伴随状态，可以用with复合结构。
Weifang is known as ‘the capital of kites’ with a history of about 2,400 years in flying kites.
第三句：传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了。
本句比较长，前后两个分句都比较复杂，又有转折关系，所以可以翻译成两个独立的句子。
It is said that the ancient Chinese Philosopher Mo-tse took three years to make the first kite in the world in Weifang. However, the kite fell down and broke on its first day of flying.
第四句：也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的。
本句是主从复合句，相信后面翻译成宾语从句。
Some people also believe that the kite was first invented by Luban, an ancient Chinese carpenter.
第五句：据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作，飞了三天后才落地。
“据说”翻译成被动语态的固定句式。
It is said that his kite was made of wood and bamboo and it landed after three days’ flying.
参考译文：
In Weifang City, Shandong Province, the kite is not only a kind of toy, but also a symbol for the culture of the city. Weifang is known as ‘the capital of kites’ with a history of about 2,400 years in flying kites. It is said that the ancient Chinese Philosopher Mo-tse took three years to make the first kite in the world in Weifang. However, the kite fell down and broke on its first day of flying. Some people also believe that the kite was first invented by Luban, an ancient Chinese carpenter.
It is said that his kite was made of wood and bamboo and it landed after three days’ flying.
第三篇
功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术(material arts)的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。
分句解析
第一句：功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术(material arts)的俗称。
俗称，就是“通常被称作的意思”，所以第一步还是要“汉译汉”，想好字母背后真正的意思，换一种熟悉的英语表达形式，而不是纠结于一个不太会的固定名词。
Chinese Material arts are commonly referred as Kung Fu.
第二句：中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。
本句的核心动词，“起源”可以翻译成 start或originate
It originated from the needs of self-defense, hunting activities and military training in ancient China.
第三句：它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。
前一个分句和后一个分句里都有“武术”这个信息，第二个分句里武术是“练”的宾语，所以第二个分句可以译成定语从句。
It is one of the traditional Chinese sports, which both young and old people practice every day.
第四句：它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。
简单句，注意谓语动词，演变evolve，或翻译成develop
It gradually evolved into a unique element of the Chinese culture.
第五句：作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。
后两个分句又有相同的信息“功夫”，可以翻译成并列句，也可以将后个分句翻译成定语从句。
As the national treasure, Kung Fu has hundreds of styles, and it is the most practiced material arts form in the world.
第六句：有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。
前后两个分句是对比关系，用常见的some… others…形式来翻译。“受到…启发”翻译成被动语态。
Some styles imitate animals’ movements, while others are inspired by Chinese philosophy, myths and legendary stories.
参考译文：
Chinese Material arts are commonly referred as Kung Fu. It originated from the needs of self-defense, hunting activities and military training in ancient China. It is one of the traditional Chinese sports, which both young and old people practice every day. It gradually evolved into a unique element of the Chinese culture. As the national treasure, Kung Fu has hundreds of styles, and it is the most practiced material arts form in the world. Some styles imitate animals’ movements, while others are inspired by Chinese philosophy, myths and legendary stories.
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